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1. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

TIIL GEIWSWQG ADDI?LSS Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on thiS contlnent a new natIOn, liberty dedicated tO the proposition that all men are created equal. NOW 、 are engaged in a great civil war, testing 、 Mhether that natl()n or any nation SO conceived and so dedicated can long endure. ・ " are met on a great battle- field of that war. have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. lt is altogether fltting and proper that we should do this. But in a larger sense, 、 cannot dedicate, 、 cannot consecrate, 、 cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note nor long remember 、 vhat we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. lt is for us the living rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. lt is rather for us tO be here dedicated tO the great task remaining before us—that 0n1 these honored dead 、 take increased devotion tO that cause for 、 vhich they gave the last んⅡ measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that this nation under God shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish 伝 om the earth. 101

2. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

Even as small children, Abraham and his older sister, Sarah, worked hard. Abraham was tall and strong for his age. By the time he was eight, he could pick up an ax and split wood as well as any man. He also helped with the plowing and harvesting ・ But not hunting—when he was seven years 0 旧 , he shot a wild turkey and discovered that he hated killing Abraham 、 mne, his mother died. lt was a terrible loss for him and his sister. Thomas Lincoln couldn't raise the children by himself. Their home 、ö,ras miles 伝 0n1 1 れ ost other people. So he went back to Kentucky and returned with a ne 、、 . 7

3. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

chair and Mary hung on his arm and flirted with her husband. John Wilkes Booth learned Lincoln was going to be at the theater. Booth had acted there and knew his way around the building. So he had no trouble getting in and sneaking upstairs tO the president's private box. He crept up behind

4. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

Chapter 5 Mr. President Once again Lincoln asked Douglas to debate him. This time, Douglas had to accept. ln 1858 , seven debates 、 Mere held in different tO 、 vns all over lllinois. The mam rssue was slavery. PeopIe poured in from neighboring states to listen. The whole country followed the Lincoln-Douglas debates in the newspapers. Reporters wrote down every word each man said. Lincoln and Douglas made comical opponents. Douglas was short, round, and dignified. His nick- name 、 Mas "The Little Giant ” because he dressed elegantly and had a rich, deep voice. Lincoln was tall, thin, and awkward. He still dressed like a farmer, and had a high, thin voice. Douglas traveled tO the debates ln a prlvate carriage. 41

5. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

had a terrible dream. ln it, he walked into the White House and saw himself lying dead in a coffin. He asked a guard what had happened. The guard said, "He was killed by an assassm. Three days later, on April 14 , 1865 , Lincoln 、 Ment tO a comedy at Ford'S Theatre with his wife and some friends. He and Mary wanted to relax and enJ oy themselves. That afternoon he had said to her, "We must be more cheerful in the future. " At the theater, LinCOln sat in a rocking 4 ふン 88

6. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

Chapter 7 The 三 d 0 引 a y As the 、 Mar neared the end Of its second year, more than one hundred battles had been fought, with many thousands ofmen wounded and killed. And still, neither side 、ö,ras wlnning. ln the North, it became harder and harder tO find men whO 、 Mere 、い旦 こ = ー : 去 willing to J0in the army. And the government 、 vas runmng out Of money tO pay for the war. The South had broken away to keep slavery. Yet, so far, Lincoln had avoided dealing ′っ 66

7. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

They had to fight battles one right after another. And they needed to destroy railroads and factories that helped keep the Confederate army going ・ Grant planned tO 、 vear out the South SO it 、 vould have tO surrender. But it 、 vould take time. And it 、 Mould cause many thousands 1 れ ore deaths. ワう・ ノ / 73

8. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

E スー 0 02 R00 を L びゞ LOFT His father, Thomas Lincoln, was hardworking and quiet, and famous for his honesty. He'd had little schooling—Just enough to sign his name. Abraham's mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln, was intelligent and curious. She could read a little, but couldn't write at all. を′

9. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

up. She made it elegant and beautiful. However, she spent far too much money. Lincoln rarely lost his temper with his w 飛 . Now he did. He needed money from Congress to pay for uniforms and blankets for soldiers. Yet he had to go and ask for more money for silly frills, as well. lt had to stop, he told his w 飛 . 57

10. Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

Tad's death—probably from tuberculosis—at age eighteen was a terrible blow. Ofall her children, only Robertlived to be an adult. But he and Mary did not get along. For a while he had her locked up in a hospital, claiming that she 、 lnsane. RObert had a long career as a lawyer and diplomat. He had three children and several grandchildren. Robert lived to be eighty-two, dying in 1926. Today, two hundred years after his birth, Abraham Lincoln is more honored than 0 00 メ 0 市 0 , president 0 、。 0P0 perha い ( く鬣 George Washington. He appears on the penny and the five-dollar bill. ) しーも 0 0 THE い N げ ED A' 丁 E5 、 ) 、「ル 001 OFAMERICA 95 ロ瓣