a considered argument reflecting the direction Of his administration based on input from experts, or is Just reacting tO something he read on a cereal bOX. One example: ln a tweet on North Korea, Trump may have been trymg t0 accomplish something, or simply may have been t1Y1ng to sound tough. On Jan- uary 2 , he typed, "North Korea Just stated that it is in the final stages ofdeveloping a nuclear weapon capa- ble ofreaching parts ofthe し S. lt won't happen!" The tweet could be an act of diplomatic bril- liance or misinformed nonsense. Kim Jong Un, the dictatorial leader Of North Korea, IS renowned One 0f the biggest foreign policy failures 0f the Obama administration has been hOW it has dealt with North Korea's missile tests, an approach that could be called "speak loudly and carry no stick. " Despite dozens of tests by Pyongyang—each a violation 0f the し N. resolutions—Obama did almost nothing in response. That approach, experts say, emboldened K1m and led to fears among South Korean offcials that the United States might not be willing to defend their nation against a North Korean attack. Trump's tweet changed that, and now the south Koreans have tOld at least one American adviser whO spoke tO N ルルた anonymously SO as not tO dam- age his relation ship with 0ffcial s the re that they are cautiously optimistic the president plans tO aggres- sively confront the North. "He had the right kind Of response tO North Korea, says Bruce Bennett, a senior defense analyst at the Rand Corporation. "The question he has to face is, is he really going tO make [North Korea s missile tests] a maJOr issue, and ifhe does, what is he going t0 do t0 try to prevent [them] from happening?" If he chose, Trump could take very strong actions. The United States could push Beijing tO control Kim by refusing t0 d0 business with any Chinese company that also does business in North Korea. (That, Of course, runs the risk Of setting 0 代 a trade war. ) Or he could simply warn Pyong- yang that the United States is prepared t0 sh00t down any missiles North Korea tests. China would strongly oppose that, but a Trump administra- tion could tell offlcials there to force their North Korean allies tO stop or the United States will stop them instead. Then, of course, if China balks and Kim tests American resolve, Trump would have tO follow through on his threat, an action that would never be condemned by the U. N. since he would be dOing nothing more than enforcing its resolution. Or, the tweet meant nothing, and Trump was Just impulsively reacting tO something he heard without any consideration Of long-term policy and with no understanding of Kim's long-term habit of bogus blathering. South Korean offcials believe that no one ascending tO the American presidency would just blithely tweet out such an aggressive statement without thought, SO they are certain Trump plans tO have stronger policies regarding North Korea. But in truth, there is no way to tell what has meaning and what doesn t in his 315 tweets since the election. Ⅳどル 5 ルた sorted Trump s 315 tweets since the election, November 9 tO January 12 , into 16 cate- gories, including domestic policy, foreign policy, 2055 0 十 WALLTWEET: Some traders now watch fO 「 corporate news that might upset Trump and then, in hopes he will tweet mean things, enter trades where they would profit if the company's stock price falls. for bragging about his country possessing abili- tles it doesn t, and this was one Of those instances. Pyongyang has gotten no further than testing intermediate range missiles, which have failed in seven out Of eight tests. Those missiles—if they even worked—could not make it half the distance between North Korea and the continental United States; they would even nuss reaching Hawaii by about 1 , 500 miles. SO North Korea is nowhere close to being able t0 reach the United States with a nuclear device, and the statement was Just another one Of Kim's saber-rattling-without-a-saber. SO if Trump was taking North Korea's boast seriously and just combatting a bellicose statement with a bellicose tweet, that was silly. On the other hand, if Trump's statement was thought out rather than impulsive, it was shrewd. 十 TWITTER DIPLOMACY:In a tweet on North Korea, Trump may have been trying tO accomplish some- thing, 0 「 trying tO sound tough. The tweet could be an act Of diplomatic brilliance 0 「 misinformed nonsense. 32 N E W 5 W E E K 01 / 2 7 / 2 017

week DonaId 」 . Trump FAKE NEWS - ATOTAL POLIT ℃ AL WITCH HUNT! Paradise on the Brink ◎ド YO ALD @realDonaIdTrump Vetermary Sweatshops A L 2 7 . 0 1 . 2 0 1 7 DonaId 」 . Trump North Korea just stated that it is in the final stages 0f developing a nuclear weapon capable 0f reaching parts 0fthe U. S.It won't happen! @realDonaIdTrump DonaId ↓ Trump The Democrats,lead by head clown Chuck Schumer, know how bad ObamaCare is and what a mess they are in. @reaIDonaIdTrump 徳 . 立文圭 160984200 一般 CZECH REP CZK180 MOROCCO MDH70 MALAYSIA RM29.50 SOUTHAFRlCAR55.00 GREECE を 6.25 JORDAN 」 D5.95 DENMARK DKR50 NEW ZEALAND $ 14.00 ROMANIA LEI 42.00 SPAIN 6.50 HOLLAND C6.50 KUWAIT KD3.00 SWEDEN SKR60 DUBAI DH35 HONG KONG $ 80.00 LATVIA 06.50 NIGERIA $ 3.40C SAUDIARABlASR35.00 EGYPT を 50.00 HUNGARY FTI. 800 SWITZERLAND CHF8.50 LEBANON LLIO. 000 NORWAYNKR85 SERBIA RSD1035 FINLAND をス 60 S LEONE SLL30.000 TURKEY TL17 00N を引 A 2R175.00 LITHUANIA 8.99 OMAN OR 3.250 FRANCE を 6.50 SINGAPORE $ 11.95 UK 4.95 IRELAND 6.25 WXEMBOURG を 6.25 POLAND PLN28 US $ 199 GERMANY 6.50 MALTA C6.50 PORTUGAL 6.50 SLOVAKIA も 6.50 ISRAEL N 旧 35 GIBRALTARS6.05 MONTENEGRO ℃ 8.30 SLOVENIA C8.50 ZIMBABWE ZWD4.00 ITALY 6.50 QATAR 0R65 NEWSWEEK(JN27 # 4 ) ーーーー " 。ーー JN27 # 4 本体Ⅵ , 300 、税 雑誌 28224 ー 01 ー 03 / 19 / 17 0 お 4910 ~ 82240178 01300 アメリカ合

resistance appears tO be a reaction tO what he sees as overreach by the Obama administra- tlon—moving t00 far, t00 fast. Sessions has been particularly opposed tO executive branch moves tO release existing prisoners (like NOdd) early, rather than applying sentencing changes only tO future cases. Sessions explained at his hearing that he was against retroactively apply- ing his 2010 law because lOt Of these were Commssion ignored the Republican reprl- plea-bargained cases and may not have been mands, citing the law as grounds for the early totally driven by the mandatory minimums. release ofmore than 7700 federal inmates serv- But he also acknowledged he was not aware ing extended time for low-level drug offenses. roughly 5 , 000 crack offenders are still servmg N0dd was one ofthem. She le 代 prison in 2012 , sentences under the 01d 100- tO -1 sentencing having served 21years behind bars. ltwas like I ratiO he once railed against as unJust. grew up in prison," she tells N ル“た , while her "AII l've asked," Durbin said at the hearing, is tO "allow them as individuals tO petition tO the kids grew up in the outside world. By the time she was released, they were adults. judge, tO the prosecutor, tO the Department Of Justice SO that their sentences can be considered. That's something you ve opposed. " Sessions 'WE'RE 」 UST HURTING PEOPLE' GOing intO the final tWO years Of Obama's term, replied that that is a step for Congress to take. "I will 応Ⅱ ow any law that you pass,' he said. many hoped Congress would finally cut a deal on a package ofcriminal justice laws that would GilI and HoIly Harris, executive director of touch on everything from additional drug sen- the U. S. Justice Action Network, a coalition tencing reform, tO mental health and substance Of liberal and conservative reform advocates, abuse treatment for inmates, tO revampmg think conservatives may well pursue those kinds re-entry programs. Sessions opposed nearly all 0f laws in the new Congress. Gill says biparti- of those proposals. "we have learned the hard san interest in passmg cnminal JLIStice reform way that a substantial portion Of criminals whO are released fror れ prison Will return tO cnme and will victimize more people," he warned his Judiciary Committee colleagues last year. Con- cerns about fairness, it seems, have given way tO fear. Sentencing reform advocates argue that crim- inal justice can be b0th fair and tough. "There are states all over the country that are reducing their prison populations, saving money, reduc- ing crime, says M011y Gill, director 0f federal legislative affairs at Families Against Mandatory Minimums, an advocacygroup. Certainly, incar- remains strong, pointing out that Grassley has ceration has some cnme-reducing impact, but it'S made the issue a central talking point. Lee, not the silver bullet thatJeffSessions hopes it is. whO's continued tO push sentencing reform, With Amenca S current rate ofincarceration—the had a terse reply when asked if Sessions s sup- highest in the world—"we re not even getting port for closing the crack cocaine sentencing marginal benefits," she argues. 、、 NOW we re just disparity gave him hope he could win over his hurting people and hurting familie s. " Republican colleague: Ofcourse. Plenty of Republicans have embraced those Nodd, the former lnmate, takes less com- fort in knowing Sessions supported the 2010 argume nts. O ne Of the first state s tO cany out maJOr sentencing reform was Texas, and the lead- law, even though it ultimately led to her early ing co-sponsors ofcriminal Justice reform propos- release from Jail. Her time in prison was still far als include Senator Mike Lee 0fUtah (a Tea Party t00 long, she says, and she doesn't understand stalwart) and veteran Senator Chuck Grassley 0f how her senator could acknowledge that the law lowa, a traditional law-and-order Republican. was unjust but not support applying it tO more Sessions, however, has not been swayed by people like her, who have suffered because of it. 当 learned from my mistake," she says, but it the success Of reforms in red states like Texas didn't "take no 21 years. " ロ or his home state 0f Alabama. But much Of his P A G E 0 N E / D R U G W A R SESSIONS SAID EARLY RELEASE "MERELY GETS CRIMINALS BAC INTO ACTION FASTER. ” NEWSWEEK 18 01 / 27 / 2017

・き鬆き物声 . ミをら ・ 1 トい BIG SI-I(YIÄS U SA of 」 oe Washington, D. C. ー ln the し S. capital, the public bromance between President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden has been the subje ct Of countle s s jOkes and online memes. Some have even given their friendship a nick- name—BROTUS—a play on the common acronym for president ofthe United States, P OTUS. On January 1 も just eight days before the two men were set tO leave the White House, Obama offered perhaps the ultimate BROTUS gesture in awarding Biden the Presidential Medal ofFreedom. 'I don't deserve this,' an emotional Biden said,"but I know it came from the president's heart. NICHOLAS KAMM

should incre ase while the number 0f large cancers is reduced by about the same amount. Although mammograms ⅲ Denmark detected 2 10t the we remostly— small, early-stage tumors, says study coauthor Dr. Karsten Jorgensen, a researcher at the Nordic Cochrane Center ⅲ Copenhagen, Denmark. The number ofadvanced cancers did not fall. The debate about overdiagnosis illustrates the limits of medical technology, Brawley says. Although researchers can estimate the statisti- cal rate ofoverdiagnosis, doctors treating actual patients can't tell which breast tumors need "WE'RE ℃ URING' SOME WOMEN WHO DON'T NEED TO BE CURED. ” treatment and which might be safely ignored. SO doctors tend tO err on the side ofcaution and treat all breast cancers with surgery and often with radiation and chemotherapy. An estimated 253 , 000 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed in U. S. women this year, with nearly 41 , 000 deaths, according tO the American Cancer Society. An additional 63 , 000 women will be diagnosed With ductal carcmoma in situ, alSO known as DCIS, which has some, but not all, of the typical 十 traits 0f cancer. Although DCIS cells can change STOPANDTHINK: tO appear malignant under the microscope, they Assuming that find all tumors, they reduce the risk of dymg haven t invaded surrounding tissue. all small breast lesions have the from breast cancer by 25 percent to 31 percent for The American Cancer Society defines DCIS potentialto turn women ages 40 t0 69 , according t0 the Agency as the earliest stage Of breast cancer, and deadly is akin tO 'racial profiling, for Healthcare Research and Quality, part ofthe women with the condition typically undergo one expert says. し S. Department ofHealth and Human Services. the same treatment given tO women with early Medical groups now offer differing advice lnvaslve cancers. DCIS isn't life-threatening, on mammograms. The American C011ege Of but doctors recommend treating it to prevent it Radiology takes the most aggressive stance, rec- frOI れ becoming lnvaslve. ommending annual mammograms beginmng at Other experts note that DCIS carries such a age 40. Tumors should be found when they're low risk that it should be considered merely a smaller and easier tO treat,' Monticciolo says. riSk factor for cancer. Researchers are conduct- The American Cancer Society scaled back its ing studies tO measure whether it's safe tO scale screening advice in 201 recommending women back treatment ofDCIS. But it's unclearwhether get annual mammograms 仕 om 45 t0 54 , followed women Will get clear answers on screemng and by screemngs every 0 er year a er at. any t11 れ e lll e near utureÄfifthemean- ln the new study, Danish researchers estimated time, they and their doctors must make difflcult the rate Of overdiagnosis by companng the num- choices without knowing for sure whether it's —ber -of early-stage ・ *. breasuumor before and after the country started offering This story was written for Kaiser Health News, mammograms. If screenings work as intended, an editorially independent program ofthe Henry the number Of small, curable breast tumors 」 . Kaiser Family Foundation. NEWSWEEK 53 01 / 27 / 2017

N E W W 0 R L D / Z I K A UNRAVELING ZIKA Researchers pat down Zika to find the we 叩 ons it's packing THE OUTBREAK Of Zika virus in Brazil in 2015 , The infant microcephaly was an incredible which brought the pathogen to widespread surpnse, says Mark Challberg, wh0 oversees fla- attention, came as a ShOCk. The virus, discov- VIV1rus research funded by the National lnstitutes ered among caged monkeys in the Zika Forest of HeaIth. The flavivirus family includes Zika, as 0f Uganda in 1947 , had been presumed t0 be well as yellow fever, dengue, West Nile and hepa- harmless tO humans. Three human cases were titis C, none ofwhich cause congenital defects in reported in 1953 in Nigeria, but no Other inci- babies born tO infected mothers. dents followed for more than 50 years. A 1971 By April 2016—less than a year later—the study showed the virus could kill newborn mice, pathogen had spread, by mosquitoes and sex- but that still didn't raise concerns. "The entire ual transm1SS10n, tO more than 60 countne S and world ignore d this virus , " says virologi st Rich- territones, including the United States. Thirteen ard Zhao 0f the University of Maryland. A 2007 countnes reported incidents Of Guillain-Barré outbreak in Yap, an island in the Federated States syndrome, which causes a temporary paralysis, of Micrones1a, was followed by others in French among infe cted adults. P01ynesia in 2013 and 2014 , followed by Brazil. According tO current estimates, 1 tO 13 percent The Brazil outbreak was what made everyone Of Zika infections during the first trimester lead take notice. lt wasn t Just emergence Of a new t0 microcephaly. One study found 29 percent 0f human pathogen in a large, highly populated infants born to Zika-infected mothers in Rio de country that was disconcerting. lt was alSO the Janeiro had some brain abnormality. NO vaccine birth defects. M0thers infected by Zika were giv- or treatment for the virus eXIStS. ing birth t0 babies with abnormally small heads. As he watched the epidemic unfold, Zhao was Known as nucrocephaly, this brain malformation haunted by one question: HOW does Zika work? knew the virus as a WhOle causes damages, is linked to developmental delays, selzures and he says. "But how exactly the virus does that, we Other senous neurologic problems. lnitially, whether the virus was causing the did not know. ” Years earlier, Zhao had made cru- defects or not was unclear. When the World Cial stndes in uncovering the inner workings Of Health Organization declared clusters of micro- HIV. He was determined to do the same for Zika. cephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome t0 be a TO understand how Zika harm fetal brains, public health emergency in February 2016 , the Zhao needed tO study its components one by clusters we re not conclusively tied tO Zika. S 00n one. And he needed a way tO witness the dam- enough, though, researchers at Florida State Uni- age each piece wrought. Fission yeast, he knew BY versity and J0hns Hopkins University showed that would serve both purposes ・ 」 ESSICA WAPNER the pathogen was definitely the cause. FiSSion yeast - ー SC ん 054C じん 4r0 ′ア C 20 襯わら in 当 @jessicawapner Åトト 39 、 VINVI OIBVVN NEWSWEEK 50 01 / 27 / 2017

public education, says Randi Weingarte11' head of Consider, also, that some states that have vouch- ers, like Ohi0 and North Car01ina, allocate less than the American Federation ofTeachers. When I relayed that quote to Frendewey, he dis- $ 5 , 000 per student, meaning that families would misse d the worryby noting the many times Weingar=—・ ~ーーー till havetcpayseveralthousand dollars to sen& ten had used tough language about centrist Obama child t0 private sch001 ifthis were in fact part 0fthe appointees. "They weren t happy with Duncan, they weren't happy with King, Frendewey says, alluding tO Arne Duncan and John King, bOth Democratic education secretaries WhO met With resistance frOI れ teachers umons on mat- ters Of student and teacher evaluation. Frendewey and Other DeVos associates acknowledge that Detroit schools are a disaster, but it's a fair question whether the failure of that expen- ment should disqualify her from a federal position ・ And while it is true that Weingarten—my onetime union leader in New York City ()s a matter 0f fact, the United Federation of Teachers still owes me $ 29 , which I intend t0 one day recover)—has fre- quently been tough on Democrats deemed insuf- ficiently loyal t0 teachers umons, her n100d When we spoke in early December seemed tO me closer tO visceral fear than intellectual Trump reform package. That shortfall notwithstand- HITTINGTHE disagreement. Calling DeVOS an "ideological zea10t ing, even a $ 5 , 000 voucher for every child living in GOOD BOOK: for private education, ' Weingarten says 10Ca1 unions poverty nationwide would cost $ 75 billion. Much DeVos has spoken Of "ad- will fight her by asserting their power, though how like the border wall with Mexico, the golden-ticket vancing GOd's they will dO that is unclear. A senior aide tO a top voucher might be an empty campaign promise. kingdom ” congressional Democrat tOld me that DeVOS should Yet almost certainly, Trump will use federal d0 ト through public education. be ready for a tough confirmation hearing, but he lars tO reward states for enacting his preferred didn't say anything t0 suggest there'd be a concerted reforms. That was what President Barack Obama did with Race to the Top, which incentivized data collec- attempt tO oppose her. weingarten tOld me about a letter she got tion, student assessment and better teaching. from a teacher in New York's Suff01k CountY' on Harris says schOOl choice is first on DeVOS s Long lsland. That teacher had apparently voted agenda. "lt's really her only issue. for Trump and was now suffering from buyer s remorse. "I made a terrible mistake, the letter A N ー E X ー S T E N T ー A し accor lng 0 emgarten. please sal T H R E AT fight against this ・ " The battle is doubtlessly coming tO the American TEACHERS UNIONS and their liberal allies are sroom, where the nation's culturewarsare fre- ー alarme d by the DeVos pick. Mostcharters .and p quently fought. Ofcourse, DeVos will be ready for ChialS aren t umonized, meaning that SChOOl ChOice the counterattack. She has spent decades fighting enervates public sector unions, another favorite Republican goal. "She is an existential threat tO for children, for Michigan and for God. ロ 1 0 A1139 、 N91 日コ 10 S39VVNl 3 」コ 3 17 の S コ 3 > 31S NEWSWEEK 43 01 / 27 / 2017

THEY COME WITHOUT WARNING, AND SPREAD WRECKAGE AND CONFUSION AROUND THE GLOBE. At American intelligence agencies, they have dec- imated morale, according tO a government OffCial with ties tO that community. Key offlcers whO made personal sacrifices because Of their love Of coun- try are sprucing up their resumes in preparation Of Jumping tO the more lucrative private s e ctor. ln the field, agents are finding a growmg reticence among overseas sources tO continue taking personal riSkS tO provide information tO the United States about activitie s by foreign governments. ln South Korea, theyhave boosted feelings ofsecu- rity, as offcials there have confided tO contacts in the United States that they are feeling more secure. The Ame ric an gove rnment , they believe , will s 0 on take much stronger actlon ln response tO North Korea S the news media and on the internet follow for a few hours—Why can't flag burning be banned? why is a new Air Force One being bmlt?—before movmg on, unre solved, tO another Trump topic d' Tweet. Many presidents have used technology tO commu- nicate directly tO the citizenry. Franklin D. Roosevelt had what became known as his first "fireside chat ” over the radiO in March 1933 , during a time Of great fear about the health of U. S. banks. Dwight Eisen- hower conducted the first televised presidential news conferences. Ronald Reagan boasted Of going straight t0 the people in televised speeches when he believed Congress was holding up his agenda. And Barack Obama used social media, including Twit- ter, Facebook and Flickr. But all of these methods repeated flouting Of United Nations resolutions calling for Pyongyang t0 dismantle its nucle ar program and halt ballistic missile tests. ForAlec Baldwin, theyhave boosted his fame worldwide. They have informed people wh0 pay no atten- tion to TV that ratings for the C 房 i り ス ppr ビ reality show have fallen. For some on Wall Street, one execu- tive told Ⅳビルル々 , they have created a new strategy: betting on Trump slumps, ” in which traders watch tele- VISIOn news reports for a corporate development that might anger Don- ald Trump and then, in hopes he will tweet mean things, enter short-term trades where they would profit if the company's stock price falls. All Of these extraordinary events are the result of government by Twit- 旧 IMPOSS 旧 LE TO KNOW 旧 TRUM 円 SGIVING ACONSIDERED ARGUMENTOR 旧 」 UST REACTING TO SOMETHING HEREADONA CEREAL BOX. 0f reaching the public directly were designed t0 instill confidence or push for particular legislation, not tO attack 立叩 Mght 廱 for lampooning Trump or actresses like Meryl Streep for criticizing him at the G01den Globes. (lmagine for a moment Rea- gan proclaiming tO the nation that Trump was an overrated, failing businessman. Sad! ” in 1987 , when the New York developer criticized the president's foreign policy and ques- tioned his depth ofknowledge. ) Trump s seemingly uncontrolla- ble tweeting was a prominent part of his life long before he began his latest bid for the White House. But throughout the campaign, his Twit- ter obsession struck even hiS allies as bizarre, as he tweeted repeated attacks on the parents Of an Ameri- ter, a bizarre world in WhiCh an internet com- mumcations platform combines with an lmpulsive president tO create glObal chaos in mvestment mar- kets, overseas halls ofpower and domestic agencies. ln the morning or afte rnoon or the middle 0f night, Trump delivers 140-character proclamations on pol- icy and piffe in arbitrary flashes 0f power and spite that shOOt across the virtual firmament without warn- ing. Discusslons and debates about their content in N E W S W E E K 30 can soldier killed in combat, the news media and almost anyone who criticized him publicly. The worst came when he relentlessly tweeted insults at a former Miss Universe who had criticized him for degrading her when he ran that beauty contest; the flurry Of almost maniacal tweets, tapped out on his mobile phone when most ofthe rest ofAmerica was asleep, once again led tO questions about whether Trump had the self-control t0 be president. But 01 / 2 7 / 2 017

N E W W 0 R L D / S I L I C 0 N V A L L E Y DISRUPTIVE DIGITAL DIVIDE AND CONQUER Trump has a brilliant plan to turn Silicon Valley into a desert HOW TO Fuck Up America: A FieId Guide for New Pe ople in Powe r. 1 HUMBLETHETECHNOLOGYINDUSTRY The newregme in D. C. seems tO have had enough 0f smarty-pants geeks wh0 spend one Red Bull- fueled week writing an emoji chatbot food-order- ing app and sell it for a billion dollars. Over the past two decades, the U. S. tech industry has been a stunning force throughout the world. China didn't invent Google. Russia didn't come up with Face- bOOk or Amazon or cloud computing or Oculus Rift virtual reality goggles ・ America did. And now tech is 7 percent 0f the し S. gross domestic prod- uct, and that mostlygoes tO bOth coasts and a little tO Austin, Texas, but certainly not Kansas, which is one big strike against tech. The new president ofthe United States has never used a MacBook or Waze or Venmo, SO obviously this stuffcan't be all that important. Strike tWO. About one-quarter Of all tech companies launched between 1995 and 2005 were founded by immigrants, according tO the Pew Research Center. That number is proba- bly higher now. Strike three ! What to do about tech? Well, apparently we need tO stop immigrants 仕 om coming here SO there's more r00n1 for Americans tO start tech expenslve and less competitive. Apple makes its companies. That's how it works , right?Why would iPhones in a Chinese factory where workers jump we want people with good ideas from lndia or offthe roofand kill themselves. Sad! According t0 lreland or lsrael coming over tO build tech com- research company Strategy Analytics, the iPhone panies? Let them dO it at home. The new regime accounts for just 12 percent ofglobal smartphone BY seems tO want tO force tech companies tO man- revenue but 90 percent Of profits. Why is it nec- KEVIN MANEY ufacture in America, SO products will be more essary for Apple t0 make so much money? If the 当 @kmaney をを 3 物第 きを第 を 3 を 毒簽い翠十 十十ャ十 NEWSWEEK 46 01 / 27 / 2017

Detroit can be placed on for-profit charters, accord- ing tO samuel Abrams , a scholar Of privatiz ation in education at Teachers College at Columbia Univer- sity in New York and the author Of E リ行 0 れ 4 〃イ CO 川襯ど尾 / 石〃ホ劭 . Whereas about 10 percent of charters nationwide are for-profit, about 80 per- cent ofcharters in Michigan mix profit-making with teaching. "The fundamental problem with for-profit schOOl management is that we don't have suffl- cient transparency for proper contract enforcement because the immediate consumer iS a child," Abrams tells me. "He or she is not suffciently informed tO know ifa class is being properly taught. There iS r00n1 for cutting corners in the name Of profits," Abrams says. You don't have that in pub- lic school. A 0 A N C ー N G G 0 0 ' S K ー N G 0 0 M A LOT OF THE WORRIES about DeVos come from assoclatlon—and insinuation. S ome are concerne d ab out her stance on gay rights. She and he r hus- band "have spent heavily in opposition tO same-sex- marnage laws in several states, according tO Jane Mayer 0f T んビⅣビル物液 . Elsa prince, Betsy's mother, has frequently given t0 right-wmg groups like Focus on the Family and the Family Research Council. At the same time, it s worth noting that, as the head of the Michigan GOP, she forcefully defended a gay Republican politician who'd been harassed for his stance on a gay marriage amendment. ln 2014 , she lambasted Dave Agema, a Republican, for making denigrating comments about gays and Muslims. "I couldn't stand by and hold my tongue,' she said. And despite her appointment by Trump, she was among those Republicans wh0 bore no love for the candidate, calling him an interloper" from whom she predicted Republi- cans would defect. (The DeVoses supported former Florida Governor Jeb Bush and, after he dropped out, Florida Senator Marco Rubio. ) lfyou 100k at Betsy's んⅡ record, youwon't be able to fit her in a box that some ofthose who oppose her nomination are trymg tO put her intO,' says the AFC's Frendewey. The Windquest Group, an mvestment group run by the DeVoses, supports clean energy, technological innovation and a well-regarded avia- tion high school, as well as an arts prize. They were alSO funders of an arts management institute at the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Wash- ington, D. C. (The institute has since moved tO the University of Maryland. ) Despite all that, detractors have plenty 0f evi- dence for their fears. They point, for example, to a recording, obtained by P01itico, in which DeVos talks about "advancing G0d's kingdom" through public education. That only stokes fears that DeVos is a Christian soldier disguised as a public servant. lngersoll, the University of North Florida scholar, says that "it's a long-standing goal of the religious right t0 dismantle public education" and that reli- gious conservatives like DeVOS "don t see public schools as religiously neutral.' If an education is not Christian, then it is anti-Christian. This is a V1ew, she suggestS DeVOS shares with Mike pence, the religiously conservative VICe president-elect, WhO iS expected by some t0 have Dick Cheney-level influ- ence in the Trump administration. When I conveyed these concerns tO Frendewey, he laughed. "ln no wayis this some sort ofreligion-based agenda," he says. Betsy DeVOS, he assured me, wants successful students, not"disciples. " P 0 0 R C H 0 ー C E F 0 R T H E P 0 0 R NOBODY ACCUSED Trump S presidential cam- paign 0f a wonkish occupation with policy details. Nevertheless, he has been clear about his primary mission in education, which is tO inject $ 20 billion intO schOOl chOice programs. As your president, I will be the nation's biggest cheerleader for school choice, ” he said during the campalgn ・ As with many other aspects 0f the Trump plat- form, there are few details to debate. Abrams, the C01umbia University scholar, called the education have that in public scho . ” plan 'mystifying," echoing the confusion I encoun- tered whenever I asked, while reporting this story, how Trump and DeVOS planned t0 make sch001 choice a bigger priority. Tulane University's Harris says that a CapitOl HiII controlled by Republicans could pass a tax credit program that incentivizes private education, including religious and virtual schools. But this would probably benefit middle- and upper-middle class families already disposed (and able) to pay for a private education. The same goes for vouchers. While $ 20 billion for school choice programs sounds like a large number, there are 15 million children living ⅲ poverty in the United States, and the average pnvate school tuition is $ 9 , 500. Giving them all a meaningful voucher would require about $ 142.5 billion, or seven times the amount propose d by Trump for his schoolchoice plan. "[ln chartersl, there is r001 for cutting corners 111 the name ofprofits. YO 取 don't NE 、 VSWEEK 42 01 / 27 / 2017