"The joke in the family was that my dad didn't know where the fork drawer was, ” he says. My dad's the only straight-up queer person in my family, but my family is just a little queer—like we didn't fit. My family is filled with these inver- SIOns. 、 ly father is not an effeminate gay man, but he's femimne in his so ⅲ . And my mom s tough. My mother is Humphrey Bogart ・ " His mother, Jan, died of cancer in 1999. She played catch with her son at home (also in Santa Barbara), tOOk him tO skateboard contests and knew the names 0f all the skaters' tricks. They were like a couple. We were tOtal comrades; I was like her little husband in some ways, the only straight man in the house, ” he says. But in real deep ways she remams unknown. Or I don't know her as much as I wanted tO. She was a very secret, private person. The germ 0f b0th these movies was this desire tO try tO understand [my parents]. The listening skills this closeness fostered in MiIls as a boy—"my empathy wasn t com- pletely innocent; I wanted t0 be indispensable tO my mother SO she could never leave me have turned out tO be one Of his greatest assets as an adult writer and dramatist. "I find women super-attractive sexually, ye s. But alSO just the intel- "FELLINI IS LIKE THE lectual, emotional space that they in- MOVIE DA I WANT. habit: I covet that HE'S LIKE AX FOR and I want access. ME OR SOYETHING. " As a guy, I m not assigned each character a specific piece always invited, but 0f music—the Buzzcocks' 'Why Can't I Touch I am still knocking lt?," Glenn MiIIer's "As Time Goes By"—which on that door. Mills is a boyish they danced t0 each morning. He was delighted 50 , handsome with blue eyes, a receding hairline when, one day, the cast switched songs. lt was SO beautiful," he says. Actors are such emotion- and a Shy manner. HiS sentences Often turn up at the end, statements becoming questions. He ally boundaryless and mercurial, fucking alive people. I really love enabling them. [Butl it's not wears suits, like his hero the ltalian master direc- tor Federico Fellini, and when he can't sleep he a sweet thing; I crave it. I like going there with them as much as I can. lt's like the most jazz- soothes himself by rereading a book of Fellini interviews. He's like the movie dad I want, ” he improvisational, creative exchange Ofmy life. says. He's like xanax for me or something. Mills came to moviemaking late, at 39 , after a On the set, Mills is more gregarious. His wife, career as a graphic designer—he has made skate- the writer and filmmaker Miranda July, with boards for SubliminaI, scarves for Marc Jacobs whom he lives with their 4-year-oId son, Hunter, and album covers for the Beastie Boys—and a in a gentrified downtown part Of LOS Angeles, is stint directing music videos for the likes ofAir and always puzzled by the transformation. "She trips Sonic. After moving to Los Angeles in 1999 , he out that I change," he says. 'l'm like the most CO -founded an adve rtising production company loving version 0f myself. When l'm a director, with filmmake r Roman CoppoIa, shooting ads for l'm the huggiest person you ve ever met. I have Nike, Volkswagen, Adidas and Gap. "l'm as happy t0 hug everybody. I act like that. I あ that guy ・ tO dO a record cover or POSter as I am wnting a WhiIe shooting 20 旒 C ワⅣ 0 襯明 , he script," he says. They all overl 叩 . MOVies are big invited Buddhist monks to bless the cast and boxes, you can put a ton Of stuff in them—draw- crew, and a cellist t0 play during rehearsals. He mgs, photography, my conceptual- art ide a. NEWSWEEK 56 01 / 27 / 2017

十 THE BAD OLD DAYS: SO 「「 y , millennials, the new regime doesn't care if you're teed up tO create new waves Of technology that will blow away the rest of the world.lt won by promising the past. iPhone costs more tO make ⅲ a し S. factory, then some other company can get some ofApple's prof- its—l ike S amsung, which the newcomers must thinkÄsaAmerican ・ -since so many 0f -us own its phones, or at least the models that don't blow up. Finally, the new regime can keep those smug techie s gue ssing by throwing random threats at them, like boycott Apple" because the company won t crack the security on an iphone for law enforcement, or Amazon has an antltrust prob- lem ” because CEO Jeff Bezos owns The Ⅳ 4 訪 - ⅲ 0 〃 P ら which writes liberal "fake news. ” lt's healthy for tech leaders to sometimes have to scramble tO de al with a divmg stock price inste ad offocusing SO much Oftheir t11 れ e on mnovation. 2 DISMISS ALTERNATIVE ENERGY This month, China said it's going to spend more than $ 360 billion through 2020 on renewable energy, such as solar and wind. lt thinks there's a huge opportunity ⅲ solving climate change and getting the world 0 代 0 ⅱ . ln parts 0f the country, SOlar iS now cheaper than any Other power source. Companies like Google are working toward 100 percent renewable-energy use. Whatever. ln the new reglme, 0 ⅱ is better. So is coal. There 's no global warming. No carbon-burn- ing problem. That's why it's brilliant t0 make Rex Tillerson the secretary of state, so he can nego- tiate better 0 ⅱ deals for us, and give the Depart- ment of Energy to Rick Perry, who would like t0 kill it. You can't spell ス襯に 4 without ca 0 〃ー or at least some ofit. 3 DERAIL HEALTH CARE OK, so Congress is killing Obamacare. This will toss the whole $ 3.2 trillion U. S. health care indus- try intO disarray as 20 million people lose insur- ance and health care laws get reworked just as bre akthrough te chnologie s stand to re inve nt the industry. A bunch 0f startups, like C010r Genom- ics and Counsyl, are driving the cost Of sequenc- ing a person s genome down tO a few hundred dollars. Pretty soon, everybody could get a genetic test that might help people head 0 代 can- cer and Other diseases. New artificial intelligence te chnolo can help doctors sift through millions ofpages ofmedical research and match it tO data about a patient to diagnose diseases better than ever. If し S. companies get this stuff right, they Will drive the economy or years. But that seems to weird out the new reglme. Better to preserve traditions: the swamped family doctor, the half- daysittingin ・ waiting rooms rea - ing Old copies Of 0 magazine , the prostate exam. Burying Obamacare me ans adopting a policy that make s he alth insurance unaffordable for college- debt-laden millennials. So what if they're a huge generation ofAmericans raised in the digital age, teed up tO create new waves of technology that will blow away the rest ofthe world? lfmillennials want tO stay healthy, the new regime IS signaling, they can abandon the uninsured path of entre- preneurship and instead work at a company that offers health benefits, like Sears or pitney Bowes. 4 IGNORE RUSSIAN HACKING The U. S. runs on information te chnology. More than perhaps any country, it is moving work, life, commerce, entertamment, government, the THE NEW REGIME DOESN'T WANT THE FUTURE. IT WON BY PROMISING THE PAST. military and almost everything else online. Our love affair with data has been a competitive advantage. But now lt s our weakness too.We re so vulnerable that the Food and Drug Adminis- tration has warned that a heart implant made by St. Jude Medical is vulnerable to hacking. Rus- S1a could take control Ofyour heart! This would be a serious danger tO our national secunty, except in the new reglme, Russian presi- dent Vladimir Putin is now our friend. He wouldn't steal our data or harm our systems. And Other countrie s like North Kore a or lran can t possibly be smart enough to 応Ⅱ ow Russia's lead. So there's no data security threat to address. We'll be fine. 5 SHIFT RESOURCES FROM CITIES TO SMALL TOWNS AND RURALAREAS Cities have a 10t of wealthy folks and artists and people whO were born in other countries. The trend is toward movlng to cities—150,000 people d0 it every day. For the first time ⅲ history, more people live in cities than outside ofthem. lmpor- tantly, citles create a critical mass Of innovatlve thinking because people with interesting ideas are jammed together. Steven J0hnson describes that 1n 1S 00 Ⅳ尾 G00d 1 C のれ From:Cit1es, experts say, are where the future will get invented. But the new regime doesn t want the future. won by promi s ing the p ast. ー S 0-t00-b4d. ßitie s ・ Rural and small town America kicked your ass this time. Cities can bend over and kiss their federal resources goodbye. ロ NEWSWEEK 47 01 / 27 / 2017

を物屋を 0 をを第を上・ を参を、の第々第、物 D 0 W N T I M E / T R A V E L HIGHS AND LOWS Mirihi lsland Resort feels like paradise ー for now POKING PRECARIOUSLY above the water, Mirihi lsland appears on the horizon like a beached tur- tle. The pilot 0f the tiny seaplane that is taking me tO the Maldivian resort, recently voted the seventh best hOtel in the world, is sitting within arm S reach. He iS not wearmg any shoes. After a splash landing, a posse 0f islanders greets me on the pontoon. They are also bare- foot. Before I have checked in, a staff member politely asks me tO remove my sneakers, tO be picked up and taken, together with my bags, t0 my water villa, a straw-roofed hut suspended on stilts above the water 20 feet from shore. I qmckly learn why footwear is unnecessary on Mirihi. Sand is everywhere. lt spills from the beache s that skirt the island, le aving a 2-inch- deep layer 0f white on the floors 0f the reception area, restaurant and bar. One waiter tells me he hasn t worn shoes in more than four months, not since the last time he left the island t0 visit family. I hated it, ” he says. Shoes are like f00t prisons. GOing shoeless is part Of the character that Swiss-born co-owner Amy Stierli has spent the past 15 years trying tO create on the island. "Bare- fOOt luxury' is how she describes it over a wel- come drink (a coconut with a straw stuck in it). She calls Mirihi "a desert island but with five-star BY seruce. ” There is a definite 犬 0 わわバ 0 〃 C 川作他 el ANTHONY to the place, albeit carefully choreogr 叩 hed : CUTHBERTSON no bathtubs, no swmming pools, no TV sets in 当 @ADCuthbertson NEWSWEEK 58 01 / 27 / 2017

Newsweek を′ 隝ー N T E R N AT ー 0 N A L 2 017 / V 0 L . 16 8 / N 0 . J A N U A R Y 27 , Drug War Crack and Punishment 24 lntelligence Who Leaked This? 26 Economy Trumponomics, Explained 16 WWW 、 DeVosf0 「 60 0 ー n N E W W 〇 R L D 44 Prostate TumorTrackers 46 SiIicon VaIIey Digital Divide and Conquer Veterinarians \/eterinarian Sweatshops 50 Zika Unraveling Zika Cancer Slam the Screening D00 「 48 ATTERS: head theEducation Department, with 、 ・••huSband; busine 、 marf Diqk DeVOS. swork as an educ 哲 0 れ activist wo 「 teachers union9 52 D 〇 W N T ー M E D E P A R T M E N T S F E A T U R E S Cinema The Family Man 58 T 「 a 可 Highs and LOWS 61 Coffee C06 Beans 62 Comedy Pie in the Sky 64 To-Do List Your Week Made Better 54 Commander in Tweet 28 WiIl Trump's first 1 ( ) ( ) days ⅲ office be like his last 1 ( ) ( ) tweets? K オん矼 , “ The RadicaI Education Of Betsy DeVOS Will the hard-line Christian conservative leading the nation's schools briva crusad 引 G S H 〇 T S Washington, D ℃ . Tears of 」 oe Ankara, Turkey Law and Mordor Budapest, Hungary Deathly CO 旧 10 Mosu れ lraq uman ShieId 4 6 8 36 d ぐ 9 0S0 の 0 コ BVO PA G E 〇 N E COVER CREDIT; ILLUSTRATION BY Newsweek 0SSN2052-1081 ) , is published weekly except one week in 」 anuary, 」 u ツ , August and October. Newsweek (EMEA) is published by Newsweek Ltd (part Of the 旧 T Media Group Ltd), 25 Canada Square, Canary Wharf, London E14 5LQ, UK. Printed by Quad/Graphics Europe Sp z 0.0.. Wyszkow. P01and ForArticle Reprints, Permissions and Licensing www•lBTreprints.com/Newsweek FOR MORE HEADLINES, GO TO NEWSWEEK ℃ OM 12 Trump TheTrump Establishment 1 N E W S W E E K 01 / 2 7 / 2 017

Detroit can be placed on for-profit charters, accord- ing tO samuel Abrams , a scholar Of privatiz ation in education at Teachers College at Columbia Univer- sity in New York and the author Of E リ行 0 れ 4 〃イ CO 川襯ど尾 / 石〃ホ劭 . Whereas about 10 percent of charters nationwide are for-profit, about 80 per- cent ofcharters in Michigan mix profit-making with teaching. "The fundamental problem with for-profit schOOl management is that we don't have suffl- cient transparency for proper contract enforcement because the immediate consumer iS a child," Abrams tells me. "He or she is not suffciently informed tO know ifa class is being properly taught. There iS r00n1 for cutting corners in the name Of profits," Abrams says. You don't have that in pub- lic school. A 0 A N C ー N G G 0 0 ' S K ー N G 0 0 M A LOT OF THE WORRIES about DeVos come from assoclatlon—and insinuation. S ome are concerne d ab out her stance on gay rights. She and he r hus- band "have spent heavily in opposition tO same-sex- marnage laws in several states, according tO Jane Mayer 0f T んビⅣビル物液 . Elsa prince, Betsy's mother, has frequently given t0 right-wmg groups like Focus on the Family and the Family Research Council. At the same time, it s worth noting that, as the head of the Michigan GOP, she forcefully defended a gay Republican politician who'd been harassed for his stance on a gay marriage amendment. ln 2014 , she lambasted Dave Agema, a Republican, for making denigrating comments about gays and Muslims. "I couldn't stand by and hold my tongue,' she said. And despite her appointment by Trump, she was among those Republicans wh0 bore no love for the candidate, calling him an interloper" from whom she predicted Republi- cans would defect. (The DeVoses supported former Florida Governor Jeb Bush and, after he dropped out, Florida Senator Marco Rubio. ) lfyou 100k at Betsy's んⅡ record, youwon't be able to fit her in a box that some ofthose who oppose her nomination are trymg tO put her intO,' says the AFC's Frendewey. The Windquest Group, an mvestment group run by the DeVoses, supports clean energy, technological innovation and a well-regarded avia- tion high school, as well as an arts prize. They were alSO funders of an arts management institute at the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Wash- ington, D. C. (The institute has since moved tO the University of Maryland. ) Despite all that, detractors have plenty 0f evi- dence for their fears. They point, for example, to a recording, obtained by P01itico, in which DeVos talks about "advancing G0d's kingdom" through public education. That only stokes fears that DeVos is a Christian soldier disguised as a public servant. lngersoll, the University of North Florida scholar, says that "it's a long-standing goal of the religious right t0 dismantle public education" and that reli- gious conservatives like DeVOS "don t see public schools as religiously neutral.' If an education is not Christian, then it is anti-Christian. This is a V1ew, she suggestS DeVOS shares with Mike pence, the religiously conservative VICe president-elect, WhO iS expected by some t0 have Dick Cheney-level influ- ence in the Trump administration. When I conveyed these concerns tO Frendewey, he laughed. "ln no wayis this some sort ofreligion-based agenda," he says. Betsy DeVOS, he assured me, wants successful students, not"disciples. " P 0 0 R C H 0 ー C E F 0 R T H E P 0 0 R NOBODY ACCUSED Trump S presidential cam- paign 0f a wonkish occupation with policy details. Nevertheless, he has been clear about his primary mission in education, which is tO inject $ 20 billion intO schOOl chOice programs. As your president, I will be the nation's biggest cheerleader for school choice, ” he said during the campalgn ・ As with many other aspects 0f the Trump plat- form, there are few details to debate. Abrams, the C01umbia University scholar, called the education have that in public scho . ” plan 'mystifying," echoing the confusion I encoun- tered whenever I asked, while reporting this story, how Trump and DeVOS planned t0 make sch001 choice a bigger priority. Tulane University's Harris says that a CapitOl HiII controlled by Republicans could pass a tax credit program that incentivizes private education, including religious and virtual schools. But this would probably benefit middle- and upper-middle class families already disposed (and able) to pay for a private education. The same goes for vouchers. While $ 20 billion for school choice programs sounds like a large number, there are 15 million children living ⅲ poverty in the United States, and the average pnvate school tuition is $ 9 , 500. Giving them all a meaningful voucher would require about $ 142.5 billion, or seven times the amount propose d by Trump for his schoolchoice plan. "[ln chartersl, there is r001 for cutting corners 111 the name ofprofits. YO 取 don't NE 、 VSWEEK 42 01 / 27 / 2017

D 〇 W N T ー M E T R A V E L C I N E M A C 0 F F E E C 0 M E D Y B 0 0 K S M U S I C THE FAMILY MAN making fil 0b00t Mike Mills can't sto parents. Thank God BY TOM SHONE 十 INWARD LOOKING: MiIIs, photographed fo 「 Newsweek ⅲ New York ⅲ December, came tO directing late. Two films in, he'sgoing his own, eccentric way. 当 @Tom Shone MIKE MILLS'S new film, 20 C ビ〃ワⅣ 0 襯ど〃 , is about many things—skateboarding, Talking Heads, the confusion and loneliness 0f being a teenager, susan sontag' feminism' Jimmy Carter's crisis 0f confidence speech. "My films can start out as little weird constellations, and then you kind 0f add another piece, ” Mills says, perched on an egg-shaped red chair at the New York City offces of the indie film company A24 ・ The closest the film comes to a hook is this: What is it like to be a young teenage boy raised in a household ofwomen? Or as someone in the movie asks, Doyouneed a mantO raise a man?' Annette Bening plays Dorothea, a free-spirited divorcée ーⅵ 10 chain-smokes Salem cigarettes, -wears Birkenstocks-and-lives—in—-æ-large- ・•a shackle house in Santa Barbara, California, 1n 1979. Her husband is long gone, showing up only on birthdays. SO Dorothea outsources the raising ofher 14-year-01d son,Jamie (Lucas Jade Zumann), t0 his best friend, Julie (Elle Fanning), a heartbreaker wh0 steals into his bed for pla- tonic sleepovers, and Abbie (Greta Gerwig), a 24-year-01d photographer with a shock 0f red BOWie hair whO lives upstairs. Abbie gives Jamie a copy 0f 0 BO 市 0 リ r. んお and is soon alert- ing him t0 the existence and higher purposes 0f menstruation, Lou Reed and the clitoris. people are like, 'HOW personal is [this filml?"' Mills says. 'people ask me all the time, ls that your mom or is that your dad?' l'm like, ginal role in his upbringing ・ version 0fMills's father, who played only a mar- as a widower WhO comes out in hiS 70S ; a C ar-wmniw-turn—bYChristophewPlumme r ー ents. Mills's first, B ど g ⅲれビ ( 2011 ) , featured an This is the second film he's made about his par- ℃ 0 fucking figure ・ I don t know. I 島 " ' ー ! ま洋をなを第差・ ・第 3 宿物、第 NEWSWEEK 55 01 / 27 / 2017

C06 Beans SINCE NESTLE began selling Nespresso ⅲ the 1990S , its little c 叩 sules have changed theway manyin theWest consume COffee. Thirty percent ofMichelin-starred restaurants now serve Nespresso POdS, and the machines sellall overthe world, generating an estimated $ 4 billion ⅲ 20 巧 . The capsule- coffee maker is part ofkitchen geography, rightthere between the toasterand the kettle. The convenience, novelty, variety and perhaps even the pretty-colored capsules made a convert: Amir Gehl. Gehl, the 39-year-01d son 0fa tobacco family, did his postgraduate studies at the London School of Economics, followed by stints at Harvard Kellogg Sch001 ofManagement and the London Business Sch001. He spent the early part OfhiS career as a consultant tO the energy drin business; t en, in 2014 , hiS wife convinced him tO buy a Nespresso machine. From that moment on, he was 十 OD BLAST: CapsuIe coffee now has a huge audience, one that Difference Coffee Co.is hoping t0 take upmarket. in central London, where we try a cup ofDifference Coffee's Jamaica Blue Mountain, GO Cup Estate —grade 1 , medium roast—harvested 仕 om a plantation that sits 1 , 500 meters above sea level. As we sip, Gehl starts tO sound like a wine man, describingthe cup we re drinking as 。 chocolatey and nutty on the nose, and 仕ⅲ on the palate. " He's right. I have yet tO taste abetter capsule a pod convert—so much SO that coffee—l can quite understand when he drank coffee after a why lan Fleming made Blue restaurant meal, he felt that Mountain James Bond's "a Nespresso [at home] was preferred breakfast beverage ・ actually tastier. According tO Gehl, there is Gehl sawan opportunity. plenty ofbetter coffee than even Three years after that first cup this high- elevation Jamarcan ofNespresso—for the record, a stuff— Geisha coffee 仕 om purple -capsuled Arpeggi0 —his Panama, for example. Gehl Difference COffee CO. is selling sources hiS from the Hacienda both beans and pods ofspecialty la Esmeralda, an estate he says coffees, usmg 0 代 from the has been called "the coffee finest[coffee-growingl estates. equivalent ofDomaine de la The customers on hiS mailing Romanée- Conti; we buy their list include the Palace Hotel in special reserve COffee. ' He Gstaad, Switzerland, and chef recently purchased a Best 0f Heston Blumenthal, who will begin serving Difference C0ffee Panama 2016 auction lOt Of100 at his Hinds Head restaurant ⅲ pounds 0fEsmeralda Special Jamarillo beans, from which Berkshire, England, from the he hopes t0 produce 500 boxes end 0fJanuary. Gehl says he locapsules eachyse 川 sho 呼 besellingonline customers for about 毛 10 ( $ 12 ) a wider audience—though still a cup. Forthe pleasure and limiting the number ofboxes privilege ofhaving one ofthe any one customer can purchase, world's best coffees inyour as we like as many as possible ・ tchenJ'&SåYihåf'"QOrth it. ロ tO be able tO try our COffees an enj oy them. S0ft-spoken and self-effacing, For more information, ViSit Gehl meets me at a cigar lounge DIFFERENCECOFFEE ℃ OM the coffee pod Amir Gehlis reinventin BY NICHOLAS FOULKES NEWSWEEK 61 01 / 27 / 2017

should incre ase while the number 0f large cancers is reduced by about the same amount. Although mammograms ⅲ Denmark detected 2 10t the we remostly— small, early-stage tumors, says study coauthor Dr. Karsten Jorgensen, a researcher at the Nordic Cochrane Center ⅲ Copenhagen, Denmark. The number ofadvanced cancers did not fall. The debate about overdiagnosis illustrates the limits of medical technology, Brawley says. Although researchers can estimate the statisti- cal rate ofoverdiagnosis, doctors treating actual patients can't tell which breast tumors need "WE'RE ℃ URING' SOME WOMEN WHO DON'T NEED TO BE CURED. ” treatment and which might be safely ignored. SO doctors tend tO err on the side ofcaution and treat all breast cancers with surgery and often with radiation and chemotherapy. An estimated 253 , 000 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed in U. S. women this year, with nearly 41 , 000 deaths, according tO the American Cancer Society. An additional 63 , 000 women will be diagnosed With ductal carcmoma in situ, alSO known as DCIS, which has some, but not all, of the typical 十 traits 0f cancer. Although DCIS cells can change STOPANDTHINK: tO appear malignant under the microscope, they Assuming that find all tumors, they reduce the risk of dymg haven t invaded surrounding tissue. all small breast lesions have the from breast cancer by 25 percent to 31 percent for The American Cancer Society defines DCIS potentialto turn women ages 40 t0 69 , according t0 the Agency as the earliest stage Of breast cancer, and deadly is akin tO 'racial profiling, for Healthcare Research and Quality, part ofthe women with the condition typically undergo one expert says. し S. Department ofHealth and Human Services. the same treatment given tO women with early Medical groups now offer differing advice lnvaslve cancers. DCIS isn't life-threatening, on mammograms. The American C011ege Of but doctors recommend treating it to prevent it Radiology takes the most aggressive stance, rec- frOI れ becoming lnvaslve. ommending annual mammograms beginmng at Other experts note that DCIS carries such a age 40. Tumors should be found when they're low risk that it should be considered merely a smaller and easier tO treat,' Monticciolo says. riSk factor for cancer. Researchers are conduct- The American Cancer Society scaled back its ing studies tO measure whether it's safe tO scale screening advice in 201 recommending women back treatment ofDCIS. But it's unclearwhether get annual mammograms 仕 om 45 t0 54 , followed women Will get clear answers on screemng and by screemngs every 0 er year a er at. any t11 れ e lll e near utureÄfifthemean- ln the new study, Danish researchers estimated time, they and their doctors must make difflcult the rate Of overdiagnosis by companng the num- choices without knowing for sure whether it's —ber -of early-stage ・ *. breasuumor before and after the country started offering This story was written for Kaiser Health News, mammograms. If screenings work as intended, an editorially independent program ofthe Henry the number Of small, curable breast tumors 」 . Kaiser Family Foundation. NEWSWEEK 53 01 / 27 / 2017

いミイを第当 scrapbooks. For 20 C ど〃ワⅣ 0 襯 , he even created a video montage Of 2 , 000 images, all from 1979 , the year the movie is set in. 19 / 9 is the beginning 0f now," he says. per- sonal computing. lslamic revolutions. ln vitro fertilization. Sch001 shootings. Our problem- atic relationship tO Oil. AS Americans, our weird relationship with the Middle East. Osama bin Laden joined the mujahedeen and was financed by the CIA in 1979. Apple was about t0 go public. SO many crazy, weird things. And then, it was a pre-digitallife. ln many ways, America was more boring. Our life was more boring. But there's some beauty and opportunity in boredom. From this boredom, and the willingness tO explore it, Mills's epiphanies b100m : The film was originally called 0 んⅣ 0 ルⅣ 0 ルⅣ 0 ル , sup- posedly steve J0bs's last words. B0th B g and 20 C ヮⅣ 0 襯 have the light, airy constructlon Of mobiles, each part sometimes spinmng contrarily t0 the other in the updraft from his gentle, funny, room-temperature dra- matizations. This makes Mills unusual in H011y- WOOd, where pounding emotional beats are the norm. (Ask him about the film industry's much- vaunted three-act structure and he responds by 十 THE CAPTAIN'S TABLE: citing his love for Milan Kundera's T んビ U れ 4 た Mills describes 4 わ廱ん 0fBeing: a maze ofdigressions that filming with Annette Bening (far somehow burrows deeply intO what it means tO left, with 日厄 Fanning be human. ) At the same time, B ⅲ〃ビ won and Greta Gerwig ⅲ PIummer an Academy Award, and 20 C ワ 20 Century Women) as like "operating a Ⅳ 0 襯 seems likely tO get Annette Bening a pirate ship.' best actress nomination. "I am happy about that," Mills says; he has come tO our interview fresh from a lunch hosted by Oscar publicist peggy Siegal. "I want[to be] a weird disruption, but it's a trip when you get intO these Oscar-y conversations. When you're [film- ing] with people like Annette or Christopher, I don't think people quite understand what a pirate ship l'm operating ・ You put your flag and your fig- urehead out front. Everything 100ks good. But as soon as peop e peek over the edge 0 t e oat, they're like,'Oh.' You know?" He laughs. "I love being the captain ofthat ship. " ロ D 0 W N T I M E / C I N E M A ln many ways, he directs like a designer. That's partly because his films have a strong graphic sense—he uses color boldly, like the French NouveIIe Vague director Jean-Luc God- ardandfilms montages OfstI lmages tO s ow what year we re in. But it's alSO present in the idiosyncratic way in which he assembles his stO- riesNe begins by jotting down ideas and fa onto file cards—anything from gun control ” to "blow jobs always existed"—and proceeds tO write entire character histories and family 20th Century Women began its worldwide release 」 anuary 20; for more information, ViSit 20THCENTURYWOMEN-MOVlE ℃ OM 57 01 / 27 / 2017 N E W S W E E K

N E W W 0 R L D / Z I K A UNRAVELING ZIKA Researchers pat down Zika to find the we 叩 ons it's packing THE OUTBREAK Of Zika virus in Brazil in 2015 , The infant microcephaly was an incredible which brought the pathogen to widespread surpnse, says Mark Challberg, wh0 oversees fla- attention, came as a ShOCk. The virus, discov- VIV1rus research funded by the National lnstitutes ered among caged monkeys in the Zika Forest of HeaIth. The flavivirus family includes Zika, as 0f Uganda in 1947 , had been presumed t0 be well as yellow fever, dengue, West Nile and hepa- harmless tO humans. Three human cases were titis C, none ofwhich cause congenital defects in reported in 1953 in Nigeria, but no Other inci- babies born tO infected mothers. dents followed for more than 50 years. A 1971 By April 2016—less than a year later—the study showed the virus could kill newborn mice, pathogen had spread, by mosquitoes and sex- but that still didn't raise concerns. "The entire ual transm1SS10n, tO more than 60 countne S and world ignore d this virus , " says virologi st Rich- territones, including the United States. Thirteen ard Zhao 0f the University of Maryland. A 2007 countnes reported incidents Of Guillain-Barré outbreak in Yap, an island in the Federated States syndrome, which causes a temporary paralysis, of Micrones1a, was followed by others in French among infe cted adults. P01ynesia in 2013 and 2014 , followed by Brazil. According tO current estimates, 1 tO 13 percent The Brazil outbreak was what made everyone Of Zika infections during the first trimester lead take notice. lt wasn t Just emergence Of a new t0 microcephaly. One study found 29 percent 0f human pathogen in a large, highly populated infants born to Zika-infected mothers in Rio de country that was disconcerting. lt was alSO the Janeiro had some brain abnormality. NO vaccine birth defects. M0thers infected by Zika were giv- or treatment for the virus eXIStS. ing birth t0 babies with abnormally small heads. As he watched the epidemic unfold, Zhao was Known as nucrocephaly, this brain malformation haunted by one question: HOW does Zika work? knew the virus as a WhOle causes damages, is linked to developmental delays, selzures and he says. "But how exactly the virus does that, we Other senous neurologic problems. lnitially, whether the virus was causing the did not know. ” Years earlier, Zhao had made cru- defects or not was unclear. When the World Cial stndes in uncovering the inner workings Of Health Organization declared clusters of micro- HIV. He was determined to do the same for Zika. cephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome t0 be a TO understand how Zika harm fetal brains, public health emergency in February 2016 , the Zhao needed tO study its components one by clusters we re not conclusively tied tO Zika. S 00n one. And he needed a way tO witness the dam- enough, though, researchers at Florida State Uni- age each piece wrought. Fission yeast, he knew BY versity and J0hns Hopkins University showed that would serve both purposes ・ 」 ESSICA WAPNER the pathogen was definitely the cause. FiSSion yeast - ー SC ん 054C じん 4r0 ′ア C 20 襯わら in 当 @jessicawapner Åトト 39 、 VINVI OIBVVN NEWSWEEK 50 01 / 27 / 2017