0f her party, she adds, have already met with Kremlin offcials. ) "The whole of Europe needs good relations with Russia," she said. "This doesn t mean that we favor Russian hegemony over Europe in any way. I mean, com- ing from... [East Germany], we had enough Of Russian domination. But yes, with Trump many new perspec- tives appear possible. While many leaders have expressed concern over Trump S statements about lessening U. S. engagement overseas, Petry welcomes the prospect. Amer- lcan involvement in European issues SInce the First World War has led to a situation where many European states relied on America instead Of tak- ing their own responsibility, she said. Referring tO American troops WhO have been stationed in Ger- many since World War Ⅱ , she added, Just as the Russians had to leave Germany in the 90S , I think it s time that the Americans leave as well. 'We Can't AIIow This to Happen' Before helping create the AfD, Petry was a chemist whO founded Purinvent, a company that produces enuronmentally friendly polyurethane products 十 (the company s website now explicitly disasso- SHOW OF ciates Purinvent from the AfD). She used tO vote HANDS: Ber- liners react CDU, Germany s most conservative party until as right-wing Merkel moved it tO the center, and even consid- activists march in May 2016 ered becoming a party member back in the early demanding 2000S. "The CDU used to stand for family values, "MerkeI conservative policy and a rational economic policy, must go.' didactic sentences that seemed more suited tO a umversityprofessorthan the leader ofa populist party. She seems to have little in common with the more controversial characters within the AfD, especially those associated with anti-Semitism. As we talked, Petry was quick tO criticize Hoecke's call for a 。 180-degree in hOW Ger- mans perceive their history' by which he means that Germany should move on from what they believe is a kind 0f guilt driving political decisions, like accepting refugees. (That's a sentiment that sev- eral party members told me they agree with, even ifthey wished Hoecke had phrased it differently. ) Despite petry's measured approach tO nation- alism, her beliefs on multiculturalism are no dif- ferent from the most extreme on the right. petry's mistrust oflslam fuels her political passions: Citing Sharia and reports Of sexual assaults committed by refugees in Germany, she argued that Muslims are a threat tO a free, Western society. Muslim imnu- grants come here "with attitudes that are SO way out Of our sort Of common behavior and European attitudes," she said. "lt's simply a lie by the govern- ment that these mlgrants will fit intO our society. ln the 2016 state-level elections, Petry cam- paigned on a platform against the "lslamization" 0f Germany, which she said should include changes t0 family policy. She argues the government should offer things like tax incentives and cheaper child care tO encourage Germans tO have more children tO preserve national identity, rather than relying on immigration t0 fill the gaps left by the country's low birth rate. (She is expecting her fifth child, the first with her second husband, Marcus Pretzell, who represents the party in the European Parliament in Brussels. ) Asked if she hopes t0 be Germany s chancellor, Petry dismissed the suggestion, but she is quick t0 say that Germany should be led by someone with children—Merkel has none— because, she noted, "it makes you 100k beyond your own lifetime. She also criticizes Germany for applying dif- ferent rules tO asylum seekers than tO its citizens. "The government basically allows them to live in a different world," she said, arguing that statis- tics ("if you're able to read them") show that vio- lent crimes have increased in Germany because Of refugees. (They don't. Federal statistics show that refugees have not mcreased crime and are no more likely tO commit offenses than native Germans. ) If that doesn't sound Trumpian enough, petry seems tO echO the New York billionaire on Russia t00. She seeks closerties with Moscow and hopes to speak tO President Vladimir putin soon. (Members "THE WHOLE OF EUROPE NEEDS GOOD RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA." イ / NEWSWEEK 42 MARCH 17 , 2017

W H E N 0 0 N A し 0 T R U M P B E C A M E T H E 45T H P R E S ー 0 E N T 0 F T H E U N ー T E 0 S TAT E S , M 0 S T G E R M A N S S E E M E 0 T 0 B E ー N M 0 U R N ー N G , T H E C 0 U N T R Y ' S V ー C E C H A N C E しし 0 R , S ー G M A R G A B R ー E し , WA R N E 0 0 F "A R 0 U G H R ー 0 E ” A H E A 0 ; A W E E K し AT E R , C H A N C E しし 0 R A N G E し A M E R K E しし E C T U R E 0 T R U M P 0 N T H E G E N E VA C 0 N V E N T ー 0 N S , T E しい N G H ー M T H AT T H E 日 G H T AG A ー N ST M ーい - TA N T S ' AT TA C K S 0 0 E S N 0 T 」 U S T ー F Y B A N N ー N G R E ド U G E E S ドし E 日 N G WA R est showing there for a far-right party since World War II. Now the AfD, which critics have lambasted for peddling xenophobia, seems poised tO dO well in Germany s federal elections in September, which could give it seats in the country s national parliament, the Bundestag, for the first time. polls and political analysts predict the CDU will win the largest share Of votes, which means Merkel will likely remain chancellor, despite a challenge from the left. But if the AfD's support holds, it would become the third largest party in the Bundestag, and the government s most prominent opposition party, making it the most successful nationalist party since the NaziS. As MerkeI has become Germany s— and the continent s—most powerful defender of liberal Western democ- racy, Petry has become the face of Trumpism in Europe S most power- A N 0 P E R S E C U T ー 0 N . But in the dawn Of the Trump era, one political party formerly on the fringes 0f German society has be e n glowing : the anti- immigrant , anti-EU Alte rna- tive für Deutschland (AfD). Four days after Trump s inauguration in Janu- ary, I met AfD's party leader, Frauke petry, wh0 represents the district Of Saxony, at her Offce in Leipzig, where she compared Trump s victory tO Britain s vote to leave the EU. Both events, she said, inspire parties like hers, which are critical Ofthe EU because they shOW that the increasing consolida- tion ofpower in Brussels is not inevitable. "lt shows us at least that change is possible, ” she said. While other prominent right-wing leaders, like Marine Le Pen ofFrance's National Front and Geert Wilders ofthe Dutch Freedom Party, have received of the vote in liberal Berlin, the high- September 2016 , it won 14 percent lenburg-Western Pomeran1a, and in chancellor's home state Of Meck- Christian Democrats (CDU), in the places, defeating Merkel's party, the lt succeeded in S01 れ e surprising Germany s 16 state parliaments. force, having won seats in 10 Of peripheral party has become a major years after its founding, the once- ence extraordinarily quickly. Just four The AfD has gained political influ- the nativist European politicians. ways, be the most consequential 0f all politics, the AfD's petry may, in some more attention for their fiery brand Of PETRY HAS BECOME THE FACE OF TRUMPISM EUROPE'S MOST POWERFUL NA 引 0 血 1 nation. Her party has campaigned tO reverse Merkel's open-border immigration policies and her tough stance on Russian aggression, and it seeks tO limit Germany's role in the E し The AfD's rapid rise m a country whose dark history has made it SO wary ofnationalism speaks tO the magnitude Ofthe frus- tration and xenophobia that have brought Trump— and Others like him—into the Western political mainstream. The End of NationaI GuiIt? Unlike France s National Front and Austria's Free- dom party, both founded decades ago, the AfD is relatively new. Established in February 2013 by economists critical Of the expensive bailouts Of smaller EU members like Greece and Spain, the try would place no limit on the number tO stay in Germany and that the coun- that all Syrian refugees were welcome same year, her government announced The decision to do so was Merkel's; that Other European nations combined. asylum seekers in 2015 , more than all Germany, which absorbed 1 million anti-Muslim sentiment—especially in This spurred anti-immigrant and where tO the shores Of Europe. in Syria, lraq, Afghanistan and else- fleeing war, violence and persecution 0f mostly Muslim asylum seekers crisis brought hundreds 0f thousands ment that year. But in 2015 , a refugee AfD failed to enter the German parlia- N E W 5 W E E K 40 M A R C H 17 , 2017

in Germany, where guilt over the country's Nazi past has long played a significant role in its psyche and politics. Some AfD leaders have fueled the anxiety with the ir ℃ ommentsvon— party offcial, W01fgang Gedeon, has called Holocaust deniers "dissidents ” and lamented that one Of the nation s largest memorials, in Berlin, IS dedicated not tO national heroes but to the Holocaust, which he has called misdeeds. " ln January, another AfD offcial, Bjoern Hoecke, stirred national outrage by calling that same me morial a monument ofshame. Fear of a MusIim PIanet When I met Petry at her Leipzig offce on January 24 , lt quickly became clear why she was chosen t0 lead the AfD and how, under her stewardship, a nationalist party has managed tO gain such a large following: ln person, She comes across as disarmingly normal. 十 Arriving just a few minutes late, the 41-year-01d POLITISCH pregnant mother apologized profusely, explaining INKORREKT: Petry cam- that she had to drive her kids to school. "The roads paigned in were so icy," she said, adding that one ofher young 2016 elections sons didn't want tO leave the house. on a platform against the Pretty and petite with a pixie haircut, wearing "lslamization ” jeans and a navy blazer, Petry spoke in lengthy, Of Germany. 0f asylum seekers permitted t0 apply for refuge. While many Germans saw this open-border policy as a coura- geous, humamtarian response tO the cr1SIS, lt generated resentmentamong some of their fellow citizens who felt it was a threat tO national security and national identity. Tapping int0 this resentment helped petry lead AfD's transformation intO an anti-immlgrant party when she took charge in July 2015. Under her leadership, Bernd Lucke, the party's founder quit over concerns the AfD was becoming lslamophobic and xenophobic. ' Recently, the AfD has won many vot- ers whO used tO support the National Democratic party, a neo-Nazi party that all 0f the country's 16 state parliaments recently tried tO ban. (Germany s supreme court overruled that ban, arguing that while the party s goals are unconstitutional, it is t00 weak tO achieve them. ) But the AfD's message Of reclaiming national pride and identity has attracted more than just fringe followers. Recent polls have put support for the AfD between 10 and 15 percent of voters—a result that could allow it tO enter the Bundestag in September. Comp ared with Trump s remarkable victory in November, those poll numbers may seem modest. But the AfD's rising popularity alarms many people "IT'S SIMPLY ALIEBYTHE GOVERNMENT THATTHESE MIGRANTS WILL FIT INTO OUR SOCIETY. ”

IGNORANCE ISN'T BLISS: Youth and young adults are particu- y vulnerable to mentalillness, and most Of those affected aren't being treated. Youth and young adults are particularly vulnerable to mental illness. "We have a success-oriented culture [that] puts a lOt Of strain on young people," Layard says. At least 10 percent ofthose ages tO 18 ⅲ the United States and Britain are diagnosable with mentalillness, he says. But around three- fourths ofthese people are not being treated. MENTAL ILLNESS CAUSES MORE MISERY "lt is quite a scandal, I think, THAN POVERTY OR UNEMPLOYMENT that ⅲ most Western countries and the U. S ” the majority Of people just don't get access t0 the ous, but nonphysical ailments WHAT MAKES people misera- latest evidence-based psycholog- were ignored in the past as econ- ble? Traditionally, economists icaltreatments," Clark says. omists tended tO focus on exter- have blamed unemployment and This doesn't necessarily sug- nal factors, and itwas generally poverty as the biggest drivers 0f gest that drugs should be more thought that not much could be despair. But newresearch sug- widely prescribed. ln many done t0 lmprove mental health gests this analysis is flawed. 、、 We cases, psychologicaland behav- says David Clark, a professor 0f keep on finding ⅲ every country ioraltreatments work as well experimental psychology atthe that the mental health problems or better, without side effects, University 0fOxford. This find- are the biggest causes ofmisery, and people prefer p sychological mg iS consistent With work done says Richard Layard fromthe therapies over drugs by a factor by Clark and Layard ⅲ Britain London School of Economics, 0f3- tO -1 , Layard says. However, showing that mentalillness takes who alongwith colleague Sarah many more people get drugs abiggertoll on productivitythan FIéche analyzed happiness and and no psychological interven- physical health problems. They satisfaction surveys 仕 om around tion. One reason forthis iS the calculated that ifthese mental the world. ln a paper published pressure brought tO bear by health problems were treated, ⅲ January ⅲ the journalKyklos, pharmaceutical companies. Fléche and Layard found that the gross domestic product (GDP) Regardless ofhow they are correlation between mentalill- would increase by 4 percent. treated, mental health problems Over the past decade, the ness and miserywas strongeven are handled best when caught scholars, as well as others, have when poverty and unemploy- early, and they need to be treat- lobbied the government tO treat ment were controlled.ln Other ed as quickly and aggressively mental health as aggressively words, it isn'tjust that people ー as physical ailments; Clarksay . as physical problems, and they ーーーーー have mental health troubles 0 ⅲ have succeeded in prodding The United States and Britain because they face deprivation; have ー第 . ade strides in thiS area British authoritie s tO start a the mental problems d0 a great program that now provides in the past れ decades, and dealto cause unhappiness now each spend about 1 percent 0 , 000 people a year with whether or notsomebodyhas oftheir GDP on mental health evidence -based psychological j 0b and makes a decent living, treatment, though there is room and psychiatric treatments, Layard says ・ for improvement. ロ Clark says. The findingmay seem obvi- 0 THEY KNOW WHY YOU'RE SAD... BY DOUG MAIN 当@Douglas_Main NEWSWEEK 49 MARCH 17 , 2017

N E W W 0 R L D / U B E R DISRUPTIVE RUNNING RED LIGHTS Uber might be heading for the most sp ectacular car crash in history JUST A year ago, Uber reigned as the tech indus- try's awe-inspiring, all-powerful wizard 0f Oz. Butlately, the curtain is beingpulled backto reveal a guy who's more like an angry drunk frantically yanking levers while taking roundhouse swmgs at the Tin Man and propositioning D orothy. Uber is in a whole 10t of bad right now, and there's growmg concern that it's about tO melt down like a haywire nuclear reactor, which would leave a crater in the heart 0fSilicon Valley. Uber gave us on-demand transportation. Countless people all over the world love this new kind ofsetvice. The categoryis goingto get bigger ・ But it's possible it will d0 that without Uber. At the heart of Uber's trouble is its culture, which seems tO have been born from a one-night stand between John BeIushi's crude BIuto in スⅲ襯 al Ho リ and Ayn Rand's hypercompetitive Hank Rearden. That culture got put on public display in February, when former engineering employee Susan Fowler published a blog calling out Uber's rotten treatment of women and its general dysfunction. The place is so cutthroat, She wrote, lt seemed like every manager was fighting their peers or attempting to undermine their direct supervisor so that they could have their direct supervisor's job. lfanyone thought Fowler was a lone whiner, a few days later tech industry legend Mitch Kapor and his wife, Freada Kapor, an expert in work- place mores, published an open letter t0 Uber's board. The Kapors were early investors in the company, and they were unhappy about Uber's tepid response t0 Fowler's post and fed up with Uber's "destructive culture, ” to use their term. We are speaking up now because we are diS- appointed and frustrated; we feel we have hit a dead end in trying t0 influence the company quietly from the inside," they wrote. Aweek later, while riding in an Uber, CEO Tra- vis Kalanick was captured on video berating the driver, whO dared tO complain about cuts tO his income because Uber keeps reducing fares. ' m bankrupt because ofyou,' the driver told Kalan- ick, who then erupted. After Bloomberg obtained and publishe d the video, Kalanick found himself in the all-too-familiar position ofpublicly aP010- gizing. He posted on Uber's site, "I must funda- mentally change as a leader and grow up. Duh. Negative publicity keeps battering Uber. lt ran afoul 0f the prote sters who flocked t0 airports after Donald Trump's travel ban, then had to fend 0 代 a #DeleteUber movement. (Some estimates say 200 , 000 people deleted the app ⅲ the days after the hashtag went viral. ) About six months earlier, Uber took a $ 3.5 billion investment from Saudi Arabia's public lnvestment Fund, a move that made Uber 100k as if it was buddies with a government that won't let women drive and puts gay men in jail. One Uber investor said tO For れビ about the deal, "lt goes t0 the heart 0fwh0 Travis is. He just doesn t give a shit about optics. Ever. Now Uber is being painted as a technology thief by Google's parent, Alphabet. Last year, Uber bought a company called Ott0 for a reported $ 680 million. Ott0 develops autonomous driving tech- BY KEVIN MANEY 当 @kmaney NEWSWEEK 46 MARCH 17 , 2017

0 0 十 ROCKET'S RED GLARE: North Korea hands say Kim 」 ong Un's goalis to put a nuclear warhead on an intercontinental ballistic missile capable Of reaching the United States.InteIIigence experts in D. C. and SeouI believe he is at least four years away from that goal, but some estimates put the time frame at just two years. an already heightened sense Of concern among the pres- ident's people. "You can't help but think, Jesus, maybe [Kim] is crazy, says a Trump transition adviser. The assasslnation triggered an intense hunt for a motive: Why would Kim use a weaponized nerve agent in one 0f Southeast Asia's largest airports t0 kill a half- brother who hadn't lived in North Korea for years and whom he didn't even know? There is a possible cause: Over the years, Kim Jong Nam had occasionally criticized hOW North Korea IS run, say- ing it should f0110w in China's footsteps and loosen up its economy SO itS citizens can have better lives. Any criti- cism 0fthe top leader is forbidden in North Korea, and for it tO come from someone whO shares the Kim bloodline with Kim Jong Un could not have pleased the young dic- tator. There have also been reports in the South Korean press that Kim 100 ll, a North Korean defector in London whO started a group called the lnternational North Korean Association for Human Rights and Democracy, met with Kim Jong Nam in China in 2014 and had been in contact with him since then. Kim 100 ll urged him tO become the leader Ofa government in exile, but Kim Jong Nam turned him down. The defector says Kim Jong Nam opposed hereditary leadership, whether it was in Pyongyang or in exile. Besides, Kim Jong Nam allegedly told Kim 100 II he wasn t interested in politics, and from what's known about his sybaritic lifestyle in Macau, that was clearly true. Were these faint whispers of dynastic challenge enough t0 prompt Kim Jong Un to sign his half-brother 's de ath war- rant? One former South Korean intelligence analyst believes it's plausible, but current intelligence and defense offcials in more chilling because it underscores hOW unpredictable and unrestrained North Korea can be. That aligns with the portrayal 0fNorth Korea and its leaders in some 0fthe press and in pop culture (think 0f how Kim Jong Ⅱ was portrayed in 4 襯 A 襯に 4 : Ⅳ br 20 〃化 , or Kim Jong Un ⅲ the more recent moue, 2014 ' s T んど加翔ル ) : They're whack-jobs, willing t0 d0 pretty much anything at any time. The pre dominant V1ew ⅲ the foreign policy and military establishments in Washington, Seoul and T0kyo is a little more sober: MOSt believe Kim simply wants tO guarantee that he will stay ⅲ power—and keep power within the Kim bloodline. His father believed that having a nuclear arsenal was the ultimate insurance policy, and he clearly agre es. He knows no one wants tO me S S With a nucle ar-armed North Korea. But this desire for self-preservation also means, according tO this view, that pyongyang understands that the countrywould be obliterated ifit ever attacked Washington s allies in East Asia or the U. S. homeland. This was the message that new Defense Secretary James Mattis underscored on his first trip abroad, to Seoul and TOkyo, because candidate Trump had made comments that unnerved b0th ofthose U. S. allies. ()t one point, the Repub- lican c andidate said maybe they both could go nucle ar. ) S 0 in Seoul Mattis delivered a message publicly to all, Pyongyang very much included: Any North Korean attack on a U. S. ally would be met with 、 an overwhelming response. But the audacious assassination in Kuala Lumpur has shaken those whO believe Kim's instinct for self-preser- vation will make his behavior abroad somewhat rational. lt also coincided with a North Korean policy review the Trump administration had just commenced, intensifying N E W 5 W E E K 26 M A R C H 17 , 2 017