lion. ) lt's a revolving door right now—we catch 'em, we deport em, and they're back 24 hours after we deport them. And they 're killing American s. This alleged crime wave is a focus ofconservative Texas politi- cians, the president and national organizations like the Remem- brance Project, which displays on its website photos ofchildren killed by "illegal aliens. ” The national director of that organi- zation, Maria Espinoza, st00d behind Trump in the Oval Offce When he signed hiS executive orders on illegal immigration in late January.When Trump gave a JOint address tO Congress on February 28 , he introduced four people who had children or husbands killed by undocumented immigrants. "These brave men we re uciously gunned down by an illegal immigrant with a cnminal record and tWO prior deportations," Trump said, intro- ducing the widows 0f two murde red C alifornia cop s. Should have never been in our country. He then announced the cre- ation of a new DHS offce to be called VOICE, which will help the victims ofcrimes committe d by undocumente d immgrants. Standing ⅲ his one-bedroom apartment near a rosary hangmg 仕 om a lamp and a painting left over 仕 om his divorce, Herrera ADIOS, ENEMIGOS: Herrera, an insurance agent and activist, compares the large number Of undocumented immigrants tO a cancer, and he says the problem requires an equally dramatic cure—sending them home. 十 make a failure tO enforce federal immigration laws a criminal and CiVil offense. Trump alSO said in an executlve order that cities that don't comply with federal immigration laws would not receive federal funds. Texas Governor Greg Abbott blocked funding to Austin in early Feb- ruary after the sheriff there said her city would no longer honor federal immigration detainers. Asked why he made the bill one ofhis legislative priorities, Lieutenant Governor Dan Patrick tells Ⅳどルル記た , "From June Of 2011 t0 January Of this year, we bOOked over 212 , 000 cnminal aliens our Texas Jails. They committed 1 , 143 murders, nearly 500 kidnappmgs, 6 , 001 sexual assaults. While pro-immigration groups maintain that undocumented immigrants commit cnmes at a lower rate than native-born citizens, Pat- rick insists that doesn t matter. "They've killed 1 , 000 people in the last four years. Those peo- ple shouldn't have died," he says, adding that he thinks the real number of undocumented lmmigrants in the し S. is likely 20 million. (The Migration policy lnstitute e stimate s it at 11 mil- NO WAY 0 ー川に RÅ↑′ oN 4 0 NEWSWEEK 30 M A R C H 2 4 , 2 017

十 HIDE AND SEEK: More than a decade ago, ArevaIo fled 日 SaIva- dO 「 and now lives ⅲ Houston. Since Trump's election, she and Other undocumented immigrants have been living in greater fear of deportation. There are 6 million people spread throughout Houston and its sprawling suburbs dotte d with dollar stores and taco trucks, shiny Offce tow- oilnoneyvfancy market-pnce cold brew and parking lots brim- ming with BMWS. AISO living and working in the county are almost 400 , 000 undocumented lmmigrants, according tO the Migration policy lnstitute. Head south on Route 59—the border is 350 miles away—and the city qmckly gives way t0 open fields, roadside stands selling pecans and honey, and gas stations that will process your hog or whitetail deer int0 Jerky for $ 50. There are few good estimates for the number of undocu- mented immigrants in the rural Texas countles between Houston and the border, but the pre- vailing sentiment there is that stricter enforce- ment and mass deportafions would be good for the region and for the United States. I was in the masonry business for 12 years, and they made it pretty hard for me t0 make money, Justin pack, a WI 巧ー road worker in a Batman T-shirt, says about undocumented immigrants. Leaning on a white truck on a stretch ofhighway where motor- ists Often spit chewing tobacco in the gas station brightly when she reveals she has a small crush on their star defensive end . Watt. But since Trump was elected in November, she lives ln con- stant fear ofthat knock on her door. She knows U. S. lmmigration and Customs Enforcement [ICE] has her name fromwhen she was picked up at the border, and she assumes she has a deportatlon order because she didn't appear at lmmigratlon court over a decade ago ・ Areva10 s mamage pro- vide s no protectlon—undocumented lmmigrants don t magically become legal when they marry a し S. citizen. And so she lives in the shadows as much as possible. She shops online, uses Uber when she has to deliver food to white neighborhoods and never opens her blinds at home SO She can 1 れ ore easily hide if immlgra- tion agents come looking for her. The day before we spoke, she was scroll- ing through Faceb00k when she saw a news story about the deportation Of an undocumented El Sal- vadoran man whO had lived in Houston for 16 years. He came here when he was 15 or 16 , " she says. lt's almost my case. His deportation scared her so much that she newously ate a large bagofspicyCheetos thatday. "l'mhopeful thatthis is abad moment we are going through and the president ⅷⅡ open his eyes and see thatwe are notcriminals, ” she says, lookmg down atthe Coachpurse she bought at an outletmall. "I would say, 'Mr. Trump, myname is nmi. l'm not a criminal. l'mjust ayoungwomanwho's looking for an opportunity. traffickers THE WAR STARTS HERE AREVALO AND 11 million like her are at the center Ofa long-run- ning fight that is sparking regular protests and threatening t0 go nuclear in the early days 0f the Trump presidency. Leading one Side Of the war are organizations advocating for undocu- mented immigrants and even teaching tactics to avoid and sub- vert immigration laws. They want people like Arevalo tO live in the U. S. with no real legal distinction between them and Amer- IC an clt1zens.Æe ading theother Slde are thepre SIde nt many politiciansmld sheriffsinnexas,andorganizationspushingfo tighter enforcement and millions ofdeportations. B0th forces are powerful, and both are using political strat- e les and street-level tactics tO ush their a enda. Texas is a major battlefield in the fight, thanks to its southern border, its politics and the ingrown independence and irascibility of the people wh0 live there. 十 LONG ARM OF THE LAWLESS: 」 ackson County Sheriff Louderback says the police must follow the laws as written when it comes to the border and illegalimmigration. N E W S W E E K 25 M A R C H 2 4 , 2 017

should be split 0 代 from ICE to become a stand-alone agency because Of the negative stigma attached tO ICE. "The rhetoric ofsweeps, locking people up, that impacts HSI'S ability tO work with state and 10Ca1 law enforcement partners," he says. Rutt empathize s with undocumente d immigrants fleeing their home countries tO come tO the United states. He knows about the high crime rate s in El Salvador, B elize and Honduras and the lack of a stable middle class in Mexico, but he argues the し S. needs tO aggressively enforce its federal immigration laws. "can you imagme you're liVing in Honduras and your daughter turns 13 , and the gangbangers are hitting on her and wantmg her tO become their con- cubine?" he says. "lt's like, 'Fuck, l'm getting my kid out 0fhere. I love my kids. l'm bringing them t0 the states. ' ” Rutt alSO notes hOW much undocumented imnugrants contrib - ute t0 social Security without receivmg any benefits ( $ 15 billion a ye ar, according t0 CNNMoney) , the impos sibility 0f deporting all ofthem and the importance oftheir work to the し S. economy. "The American people are not ready to pay $ 10 for a tomato. But even with those caveats, he welcomes tougher enforce- ment. He compares undocumented immigrants tO people whO rob a bank to feed their family—you still have to arrest the bank robbers. "We're a nation oflaws.We have tO enforce that law. 'DON'T OPEN THE 000R ! ' AS THE MAKE the Road bus makes its way back tO Queens, Aristizabal hands out ham sandwiches as youth organizer Luba Cortes lays out the specific tactics Make the Road is using tO protect undocumented immigrants and f0il ICE. Since Trump was elected, Cortes has been teaching Know Your R1ghts" forums at local public high sch001s and colleges, where she runs through a PowerP0int presentation. (Make the Road also h01ds Know Your mghts" forums for adults. ) "We do role-playing, like ifyou're somewhere and you get detained by ICE, what d0 you dO says Cortes, whO has tWO nose rings and came tO the U. S. without documents from Mexico when she was 5 but now has a green card. At the forums, Make the Road orgamzers tell undocumented people t0 not open the door for ICE agents unless they have a warrant signed by a judge ・ Organizers tell the story 0fa New Jer- sey woman saved from ICE agents whO had come t0 her busi- ness tO arrest her; the woman's daughter refused tO open the door for them. Don't say anything tO immigration authorities except your name. Carry identification but not your passport from your home country—that would make it easier for authori- ties t0 deport you. lfthey have a warrant, let them break down grants while targeting an undocumented crim- inal or someone With a deportation order can now detain those people as well. "ln the past administration, the policy was they were not allowed to pick up collaterals unless they had prior approval, says Rutt' whO oversaw investi- gations including nugrant smuggling and human traffcking during his time at HSI. He adds that ERO offcers formed int0 fugitive operations ' teams prioritize ViOlent CriminalS but alSO work tO arrest people with final orders Of deportation (like Adonias Areva10). "They're expected t0 bring in X amounts Of fugitives per month, per quarter," he says. But locking up more people costs money. Congress gives ICE a budget for the detention 0f 34 , 000 people a day, but the average daily population for fiscal year 2017 is 41 , 047 , an ICE offcial says. And ICE is projecting the higher number Of detainees will cause a $ 600 mil- lion shortfall in its budget this year, forcing it t0 redirect funds from HSI again, according t0 a document a former DHS Offcial gave Ⅳビル 5- ルた . (ICE also ransacked HSI's budget last year t0 give $ 34.5 million t0 ERO t0 pay for deten- tion beds, which meant HSI couldn't replace armored vehicles overseas, bulletproof vests or first aid kits, the document states. ) Rutt says HSI threat 2 十 UNDOCUMENTED LITIGATION: Perez, an undocumented law school student at the University 0f Houston, believes Trump's policies are racially motivated. NEWSWEEK 32 MARCH 24 , 2017

十 BIG TWO-HEARTED RIVER: A small boatful of people cross the Ri0 Grande, which separates Mexico and the し S. The Migration POIicy lnsti- tute estimates there are 11 million undocument- ed immigrants ⅲ the U.S. Ammi Arevalo—crossed the Ri0 Grande riding on a yellow float when he was 12 with his mother and a coyote. He later qualified for an Obama policy, known as the Deferred Action for Child- hood Arrivals, that postponed deportation for undocumented imnugrants whO came tO the U. S. as minors, but DACA has not provided any defense against detention and deportation since Trump tOOk 0 伍 ce. A 22-year-old aspiring math professor, DanieIa Vargas, was arrested in Mississippi in early March mmediately after she spoke at a press conference for undocumented migrants ' rights. IC E planne d t0 deport Vargas even though she had applie d for the renewal of her DACA status and was await- ing its approval. Areva10 recently checked his file online and found a deportation order has been lssue d against him. 。・ Under the new administra- he says, we're all screwed. Karla perez, OrganiZer— and an undocumented imnugrant—sits at a table in the UWD headquarters in Houston. A soft-spoken law student in her second year at the University Of Houston, Perez suddenly speaks loudly when asked whether she thinks Trump s orders and the SB4 Texas bill are motivated by raclsm. Oh yeah! These are racially based bills, ” says Perez, whose husband proposed tO her in these offlces. People are uncomfortable with people wh0 100k like me being in their commu- nities. perceived as a threat, as a danger, simply because 0f the color 0f our skin, because ofwhat we 100k like. ” lays out h0W he explains illegal imnmgratlon tO his critics: HOW would you feel iflater tonight some random stranger comes mtO your house—and by the way, he's going t0 be sleeping in your daughter's room. Howwould you feel about that?... The daughter ⅲ this case is my country. And whatever happens ⅲ that room is damaging my country. You're damagmg your daughter. ' 'WE'RE A しし SCREWED' BACK IN HOUSTON, organizers at the immigrant rights group United We Dream, which works with Make the Road and has 55 affliates in 26 states and over 100 , 000 members, are teach- ing undocumented people tO prepare for detention or deporta- tion by notarizing a document that gives some parental rights tO a family member or friend SO that person can care for their children, pick them up from school and get them medical care. lfyou have a child in your hands, they don't care,' says UWD organizer Adonias Areva10 about ICE agents, speaking ⅲ the group s Houston 0ffces. Wearing braces and a stylish H&M T-shirt, Arevalo says the number of parents clamoring for help prepanng such documents has spiked since Trump's election. The group expanded its Deporta- tion Defense ” education and tactics, which includes orange Know Your mghts" cards printed in Arabic, Chi- nese, Korean, Spanish and EngIish, across Texas Slnce November. Undoc- umented people, mostly women, are alsoA)andiVtogetherGnæroup about 10 tO 066h れ oneym a oca cre 1 umon s 0 they have a re serve fund—if members are detained or deported, the group can p ay their bond, help the ir aml y wea er e OSS 1nC01 れ e or help them return to the U. S. Areva10—the younger brother of GET READY FOR $ ー 0 TOMATOES ROBERT RUTT retired from ICE five years ago, but when he pulls up at a fancy Houston coffee shop he still embo die s the stere otypic al image of the agency: a big white guy in a large Ameri- can-made SUV."When l'm talking to colleagues, actlve and retire dÄhere fe eling -and spirit -of e ackledtodotheirj ob — and enforce the laws on the b00ks, ” says Rutt, whO ran ICE'S Homeland Security lnvestigations (HSI) unit in Houston until 2012. Un er e new or ers, t e 0 cers W 0 dO enforcement and removal operations (ERO offcers) and e ncounte r undocumented immi- 第 : 亂第き靈まを鵞を第 citizen 31 N E W S W E E K M A R C H 2 4 , 2 017

つ . gov/care RD を第イ STAND AT DETENTION: Bo 記 e 「 PatroI agents detain two CentraI American women and their children in Texas. Trump hopes to greatly expand the number Of agents working along the border, but doing SO will be costly. who was born in CoIombia and came to the し S. without documents when she was 12 , walks in at 9 a. m. and immediately starts herding members and organizers ontO a yellOW schOOl bus. Once the bus is onthe road, she has time to talk. lmmigrants feel attacked in a way we haven't before, ” she says. Aristizabal, who was able to Obtain a green card and her U. S. citizenship, uses the Spanish words 襯〃 d れ 0 to describe the heightened rhetoric used by those calling for increased enforcement and deportations. (One woman on the bus, wary of who might be watching, signe d her name on the sign- in she et as "Julia X. ") "The protest is to highlight this war that people are fighting. As the bus passes Yankee Stadium in the Bronx, Aristizabal walks up and down the bounc- lng _a1S e tO ma esure eve ryone has number andÄccess COde for a conference call that will explain the DHS memos, released two days e arlier. Listening inte ntly are ride rs on this and Other Make the Road buses and vans driv- ing t0 the protest from Brooklyn, Staten lsland and Long lsland. "There's also language about prosecuting people whO have quote-unquote have to bury indivlduals because we never could get any of the consulates in Houston and beyond t0 help identify. Leaning on his truck tailgate after his time on the shooting range, Louderback lays out his support for strict enforcement, like the detention ofundocumented immigrants swept up when ICE targets an undocumented criminal (known as "collaterals' ) and the deportation ofundocumented parents. He is especially scornful of sheriffs who ignore federal detainers. "we have some in law enforcement dOing that, encouragmg and promot- ing lawlessness. CRIMINALIZING PARENTING THE QU をを NS OFFICE sofimmigrantrights groupMaketheRoa New York were thrumming on a rece nt morning. The waiting room was packed with members ready to ride a bus to Elizabeth, New Jersey, to protest outside an ICE detention center, 4 large classroom was 血Ⅱ with two dozen adults learning English, and the back room held small children eating bagels. Natalia Aris- tizabal, a lead organizer with a faded stripe ofgreen ⅲ her hair NEWSWEEK 27 M A R C H 2 4 , 2 017

sion 0f a federal program that deputizes locallaw enforcement tO enforce federal immigration law. Louderback has already been approved for that program, and over a dozen Other sheriffs in his region have submitted their applications t0 DHS. The program, known as Section 287 ( g ) , gives locals access tO federal databases SO they can check names, fingerprints and photos and also gives the locals the authority tO interrogate suspects about their immigration status, charge people with immigration violations and transport them tO an ICE-approved detention facility. Louderback and the sheriffs from neighboring counties say they have no interest in enforcing federal immigration laws on the street, and their 287 ( g ) applications will have them enforce immigration laws only in their Jails on people they have arrested. But joining the 287 ( g ) program, along with their support for Trump, makes them allies in the push for increased enforcement and deportation. More checking 0f lmmgration status by more layers Of law enforcement and the increased powers granted by 287 ( g ) will mean more people detained and deported. We need tO keep a closer eye on wh0 we have living here," says Refugi0 county Sheriff Raul pinky" Gonza- les, whO likes the increased enforce- ment laid out in the DHS memos. Gonzales ralses another complaint common in Refugio, named for the Our Lady 0f Refuge Spanish mission built there in 1791 : Undocumented imnugrants don t pay taxes and scam social services and welfare. "They're taking advantage 0f the system, and we're paying for it.We hear about it," he says, ges- turing with a hand scarred from the time an alligator he had las- soed got loose and bit him. Hey, I just saw a person here at [the grocery store] paying with a Lone Star [f00d stamps] card' and she got in a dang Cadillac and drove 0 代 ! ' " (According t0 the し S. Chamber of Commerce, undocumented immigrants paid $ 1.5 billion in taxes in Texas 2013 and aren't eligible for fed- eral benefits like Social Security or 応 0d stamps. ) Sheriffs in the region also say they face a constant stream Of traffckers moving drugs, guns and people north from the bor- der—leaving them with the responsibility t0 enforce the law with little federal assistance. lmmigration and border secu- rity is broke, and it's been broke for a long time, says Vict0- ria County sheriff T. Michael O ℃ onnor, whom % 4 〃ケ called a multimillionaire heir to a family fortune in cattle, 0 ⅱ and land that stretches back five generations. His Offce is dec- orated with Texas A&M posters, as well as a dozen glass bongs seized from a drug bust, some ofthem shaped like dragons and 1 れ ushroor れ S. O ℃ onnor calls the corridor from the border to Houston the FataI Funnel, ” and when asked the reason for the grim name, he answers heartily. "Death! Death! Unwarranted death. And we have to deal with them. We have t0 find families," says O ℃ onnor, recalling the terrible 2003 daywhen 19 men, women and children killed by the heat were found trapped in a tractor trailer on the outskirts Of Victoria. 'We have a pauper s grave site where we urinals, pack welcomes much tougher enforce- ment against the undocumented. 。 They need tO leave the country. THE FATALFUNNEL THE WIND IS whistling across the corn and COt- ton fields as sheriff A.J. Andy" Louderback loads his C01t .45 at the Jackson County sh00t- ing range 0 仕 Route 59 , past the herd ofgoats grazing next t0 the county dump. Louderback is the legislative director for the Sheriffs' Associa- tion ofTexas, and he says local law enforcement leaders must follow the laws as written when it 、 comes t0 the border and illegal immigration. TO him, that means enforcing federal immigration law and honoring detainers from ICE when the federal agency asks the locals t0 hold a pris- oner for them. Honoring detainers IS a subJect Of intense national debate, with cities like New York City, Los Angeles and Austin refusing t0 dO it. "I don't want this country tO be like Other countries that are lawless," says Louderback, citing South America as an example as he slides cartridge s intO a clip. ln late February, the Department 0f Home- land Security (DHS) released two memos that laid out Trump's plans for undocumented imml- grants, including the construction Of a border wall, more expedited deportations and the hir- ing 0f thousands 0f Border patrol agents. (Even if hiring reqmrements are lowered tO speed up the process, it will take five years and $ 2.2 billion t0 meet Trump s quota, FO 愈〃 ~ 0 〃り reported. ) One section in the memos focused on the expan- "lmmigrants 十 DREAM ON: Trump's executive orders on immi- gration—from expanding a border wall t0 expediting deportations—have angered activ- ists, and many are trying to push back. 26 M A R C H 2 4 , 2 017 N E W 5 W E E K

smuggled people into the U. S. ," a Make the Road lawyer says on the call, pausing SO Aristizabal can translate her words intO Spanish. "And ofparticular concern is how that would apply t0 arents wh0 brought their children int0 the し S. " the la Ⅵ一一 adds, raising the concern that parents could be prosecuted for bringing their undocumented kids int0 the country. After Ans- tizabal translates, the lawyer alSO notes that many Of the mea- sures are unfunded. 10t Ofthis memo is extremely scary and wornsome, but it's important tO keep in mind that it will require a 10t offunding from Congress. The bus pulls up outside what was once a cement warehouse but is now a 300-bed ICE detention center run by CoreCivic, which recently changed its name from Corrections Corporation ofAmerica and has seen itS StOCk soar 140 percent since election night. The facility's big glass windows line the street, pr0Jecting an impression Of light and openness, but a few inches behind the glass are thick concrete blocks bricked over the opening. "They think they can make money out 0f black and brown bod- les, says Aristizabal. Aristiz ab al's p ath tO citizenship—an illegal entry, followed by a slowpath t0 legal status—highlights the contradic- tlOns inherent in a common complaint against ille gal immigration : I 'm fine with immigration. But they have tO d0 it legally! " ln fact, unless a hope- brown ful immigrant has a master's degree in computer SC1ence, it S almost impossible t0 legally move to the United States. lmmi- gration permissions based on employment, family connections or humanitanan reasons have tight requirements and numen- cal restrictions, making many hopeful immlgrants ineligible tO get in line," according tO the pro-immigration nonprofit Amer- ican lmmigration Council ()I C). A U. S. State Department representative tells Ⅳルルた the backlog for legal immigration is Just over 4.5 million people. New visas will be limited to 366 , 000 for applicants with family or employment preferences, SO it would take over 12 years for everyone wh0 has already applied t0 legally immigrate. (There were alSO 315 , 000 visas glven out in 2016 tO people with imme- diate relatives whO are U. S. citizens. ) And the wait for those visas is 0ften much longer, even for people who are eligible t0 get in line because they are lucky enough tO have a U. S. citizen in their family tree. Children Of U. S. citizens from Mexico can wait over 20 years for a Vlsa, and Filipino siblings OfU. S. citizens wait about 25 years, according tO AIC. The Make the Road New York members clamber 0 代 their buses and gather between metal barricades and the detention center ・ as moreprote stersarrivefrom Make the Road Off1 cesi New 扣 rseyjconnectlcutand pennsy vanla»as -well as the S vice Employees lnternational Union and local progresslve orga- 十 RIDERS: Border patrol agent AIfredo Lujan poses W1t dog Ciro and three bundles of marijuana obtained from illegal border crossers. Sheriffs in the region say they face a constant stream Of traffickers moving drugs up north. NEWSWEEK 29 nizations. 、、 GOd bless れ says a policeman as he monitors the protesters. Standing next tO his department-issue Harley-Davidson, he says Elizabeth has always acted as basically a sanc- tuary city. lt's gotten a little shaky because the city doesn t really want tO cooperate with ICE, he says, illustrating the vast gulfin attitudes and approach toward illegal immigration between different locallaw enforcement agencies. The protest grows t0 maybe 150 people, and there are speeches in which speakers bash local politicians for failing to protect people from deportation. Then, in a piece of carefully choreographed political theater, five protesters sit down tO block the center s entrance in front Of from cities that ignore ICE detainers and even by the shorthand 0f SB4, that would cut funding Texas Repu 1Cans are pus lng a 1 , nown says the Navy veteran. You re entitled tO a nice trip home if you like," of this country, you re not entitled tO anything. 0-1 itevÆerre rasmlles 、 -ー当 If you re not a c itize t s a ne ce ssarystep t0 b ecure deThere'sno ℃ he— cer. ' Well, no one wants to hear that news. But have tO take chemo radiation tO cure this can- doctor says, Hey, you know, you re going tO dramatic cure. "You go tO the doctor, and the cancer and says the problem requires an equally his city's large undocumented population tO a water. The Hispanic msurance agent compares sipping a cold b0ttle 0f TOPO ChiC0 mineral zation in Houston, answers hiS apartment door the Magnet, an anti—illegal immigration organl- SAM HERRERA, the outreach director for Stop AMERICANS' 'THEY'RE KILLING kids? AII people [are] scared for their kids. ing the parents, and then what happens t0 their They're scared ofICE police coming and arrest- center that would imprison him ifhe gets caught ・ he says, standing next tO the type Of detention 0 代 tO come tO this protest. Everyone IS scared, a deli in the evening tells me he used his one day whO works as a mechanic during the day and at An undocumented Mexican named Simon handcuffand arrest them. a minute more policemen swoop in tO gently the protesters remaln seated, and in less than and tells them they are obstructing traffc, but phers record the scene. A policeman approaches the banner as news photographers and videogra- tations. " Aristizabal kneels down tO straighten - a large black banner that reads, "NO more depor- M A R C H 2 4 , 2 017

灯 WAS A moment 0f great JOY, and then fear. Ammi Arevalo found out she was pregnant in early February, not long after President Donald Trump signed tWO executlve orders rampmg up enforcement Of immigration law and depor- tations. Her first reaction was happiness, mixed with some low-level financial anxiety, but almost immediately a dark foreboding t00k over her thoughts. AS an undocumented immigrant , Areva10 alre ady dre ads an early-morning knock N E W S W E E K on her door from immigration agents. That's why she's now re s e arching midwive s and plans tO give birth in her ap artment , just like a friend who recently had her baby boy at home for the same reason. "l m just trymg tO hide from ICE, because the moment I go t0 the hospital they are going t0 ask for my name, Areva10 says, crymg softly int0 her green tea on the patio 0f a Starbucks in West Houston. "with the new laws that Trump signed, l'm afraid l'm going tO get arrested. Areva10 left EI Salvador 14 years ago, fleeing an abusive fam- ily member and one 0f the highest murder rates in the world, and floated across the RiO Grande with a coyote when she was 16. She was picked up by the し S. Border patrol just after she crossed intO America near the small town Of Roma, Texas, and released with instructions tO report tO immigration court. Then she joined her mother and little brother in Houston. She never went tO court. NOW the 30-year-old runs a small café, waking at 4 a. m. each morning tO make sandwiches and tost- adas alongside her three employees (one has documents, tWO d0 not). Areva10 married a U. S. citizen and carefully pays her taxes. She cherishes Lone Star institutions like Whataburger and her local NFL team, the Houston Texans. She smiles 24 M A R C H 24. 2 017

十 BALLS TO THE WALL: A barrier along the border ⅲ Texas. The lmmigration and Customs Enforcement agency projects the higher number Of detainees will cause a $ 600 million shortfall in its budget this year. hopes Of bolstering the arrestee's case. 'lt's the same thing as cop -watching, but it's ICE-watch- mg or migra-watching, says Cortes. She also encourages people tO shelter their undocu- mented friends or neighbors ifthey know ICE is targeting them. "You can open up your home for them so they can be protected, ” she says. Asked if she would compare that tactic tO the under- ground railroads used by slaves tO escape intO free states, she agrees. Trump inhe rite d thissystemof Ⅵ 01e nce;and 'sonly=goiwto get worse ,%hesaysyTannin out the singles and jingling the quarters she has collected from the 0ther riders as a tip for the bus driver. 'We need tO continue these trainings because we don't know what s going t0 happen next. lt's very clear that we need tO be ready and be militant. ”ロ the door and come ln, says Cortes, who grew up tagging along with her undocumented mother to housekeeping jobs. Cortes also advises people to set up small networks of about five people on the messaging program WhatsApp, which uses end-to-end encryption and iS more secure than regular texting, SO they can quICkly contact one another when there is ICE activ- ity in their neighborhood. ("Latinx people love WhatsApp, Corte nder-neutralwor&forLatinoJE ach networkalsoconnectstootherswan&some•onnecttoorgani ers like Cortes and Aristizabal so that leaders and people can qmckly exchange information about ICE operations, though the organizers have become more paranoid about surveillance and now use an even 1 ore secure app called Signal. Make the Road also instructs people to film ICE operations and detentions so the footage can be given tO defense lawyers in NEWSWEEK 33 M A R C H 2 4 , 2 017