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1. TIME 2017年10月9日号

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2. TIME 2017年10月9日号

ADVANTAGE MAJORITY Red voters control each district. Blue voters have no representation. DISTR ℃ T COUNT 5 RED, O BLUE C C Packing concentrates the red voters intO just a few districts. They win by large margins in those areas but have less voting power elsewhere. Cracking dilutes the VOti ng powe r of the red party across several districts. The blue minority party wins by Slim margins in those areas. W h 0 gets ー第 0 ー e seats? lt's not just state legislatures that are affected by gerrymandering. BOth parties have used the tactic tO gain seats in the U. S. House. Partisan bias netted the GOP 17 tO 29 extra seats in 2016. 。ミ , ユ 4 、。 94 13 Mltwaukee : 20 21 、 43 Seat gain om gerrymandering in 2016 U.S. House elections REDRAWN BOUNDARIES The new map siphoned urban Democrats intO suburban districts that had large numbers Of Republicans. N 0 T E : M A P E X C L IJ D E S S TAT E S W ほ H F Ⅳ E 0 R F E W E R C 0 N G R E S S ー 0 N A し D ー S T R ー C T S. T H E S TAT E S S H 0 W N H E R E AC C 0 U N T FO R 8 5 % 0 F A L L C 0 N G R E S S ー 0 N A L D T R ℃ T S. GOP ・■・鸞阜■・の DEM 3 + 2 1 NO DATA 1 2 3 + lfthe high court rules against the statisticians are looking at various That's why the Wisconsin case is Wisconsin map, the test could have a unprecedented. The Campaign Legal ways to fight gerrymandering using nationwide impact starting in 2020 , the same computer-aided analysis Center is proposing a multistep test tO when the next Census kicks 0 仟 a evaluate whether a map is skewed SO far that empowered it. Researchers at new round 0f mapmaking. Nich01as the University oflllinois at Urbana- as tO be unconstitutional. Such a test Stephanopoulos, a law professor at hasn't been presented tO the Supreme Champ aign are using computers the University of Chicago who helped tO create millions ofsimulations Of Court before. Part ofthe test relies on a develop the test, says it would not reasonably imperfect ” legislative maps simple calculation, called the effciency- eliminate all gerrymandering but would that can be compared with the ones gap equation, tO determine hOW easy it cut Off the most egregious plans. lawmakers draw up t0 help determine is for each party tO translate votes intO "There are places where [voters are] whether they are gerrymandered. seats. If a state's effciency gap is an 50-50 , yet one party is locked out 0f Organizers at Tufts Univers ity trained outlier by historical standards, it would power; ” Stephanopoulos says. "There is mathematicians at a workshop this fail that part ofthe test. no Other practice or policy that has such This is not the only test being summer tO serve as expert witnesses on an impact on whO is elected. court cases fighting gerrymandering. developed. P01itical scientists and SOURCES: THE CAMPAIGN LEGAL CENTER; COURT 日 LINGS; BALLOTPEDIA; THE BRENNAN CENTER FOR 」 USTICE 11

3. TIME 2017年10月9日号

TheBrief 0 How tO manipulate votes There are many ways tO slice up a state, although some are more fair than others. 旧 gerrymandering, one party takes a share Of seats significantly greater than its share Of votes. Here's hOW one group Of VOters can be divided three ways tO get three different results. Computers made gerrymandering worse. Can they fix ? By EmiIy Barone HERE'S HOW DEMOCRACY IS SUPPOSED TO WORK.• Citizens go tO the polls tO choose whO will represent them, and when a11 the seats are filled, the legislative body looks roughly proportional to the makeup of voters. But that's not what happened in Wisconsin's 2012 election, when Republicans tOOk more than 60 % Of the seats in the state assembly despite getting less than half the votes. That outcome—and similar results in five other states that year—occurred largely thanks tO computer- driven p artis an ge rrymandering. On Oct. 3 , the Supreme Court will hear the case of GiII v. Whitford, which could decide whether that redistricting plan was constitutional and by extension whether the practice of partisan gerrymandering should be reined ⅲ . As a political strategy, gerrymandering is hardly new; the term dates back tO the 1800S. But critics say increasing polarization Of Democrats and Republicans North and sophisticated software Caro 記 S 12 市 have made it much worse in Congressional recent years. District was "lt is questionable drawn in 2011 how much Of a democracy but ruled unconstitutional we really are ifwe have in 2016 0 れ the manipulated the lines SO basis ofracial that people can change their gerrymandering vote s but they can't change who gets elected," says Ruth Greenwood, senior legal counsel at the Campaign Legal Center, which is representing the people fighting the Wisconsin map. The state argues that the map sticks tO traditional districting principles and reflects the natural tendency ofpolitical groups to cluster together. Some states have tried tO address partisan gerry- mandering by assigning the redrawing process tO nonpartisan commissions. More typically, though, in states like Wisconsin, the task falls tO the sitting politicians. And that means the majority party controls the process that will be used tO 6 Ⅱ its own seats. B0th Democrats and RepubIicans are guilty ofusing p artis an gerrymandering tO their advantage. But ab out 20 years ago, the GOP gained a national edge, and Democrats have struggled tO redraw the lines in their favor ever since. The digital age is p artly to bl ame ; district lines are drawn with the use ofincreasingly sophisticated data-analysis and mapping technologies. These days, once a party makes 10 TIME October 9 , 2017 MOST-FAIR DISTRICT BOUNDARIES Red (majority) voters and blue (minority) voters are proportionally represented. DISTR ℃ T COUNT 3 RED, 2 BLUE The case in Wisconsin RepubIicans redrew districts with the intent to land future victories. Take, for example, the eight districts in the Milwaukee region. Democrats would have likely won four Of those districts in 2012 but instead tOOk just tWO. Share Of vote GOP ■の DEM ■の 、ユ 4 ユ 3 15 、挙 50 % 60 % + 94 MiIwaukee 41 7 84 43 21 0 し D BOUNDARIES Had the map not been redrawn, this is how the 2012 election would have likely played out in the Milwaukee area. a gerrymandered m 叩 , it's harder than ever for the opposing party to regain control and flip the map ⅲ their favor. Gerrymandered m 叩 s have been challenged in court in the past. The maps are usually overturned when the court finds evidence Of racial bias. (The 1965 V0ting Rights Act protects minority representation. ) Evidence Of partisan bias is another story. Courts have generally given a pass t0 this kind 0f gerrymandering, ⅲ part becaus e there has never been a concrete metric tO prove that a party went tOO far in gaming an advantage.

4. TIME 2017年10月9日号

Time Off Reviews QUICK TALK Demi Lovato The 25 ッ ea た 0 旧 ' sixth album, Tell Me You Love Me, comes 0 砒 0 れ Sept. 29. The artist, who has publicly battled mental- health issues and substance abuse, will 記 SO release 0 te 〃 -0 〃 documentary about the making 可市 e record ⅲ Oct0ber. What you want tO say with your new b ー取 ? I wanted this album to be more soul ん 1 , because I feel like it's more authentic tO whO I am as an artist and as a person. I wanted my sound tO mature. I feel like I accomplished that. DO yo have a favorite song on it? I don't. That would belike picking a favorite child! You've advocated for many causes over the past few years, om mental e t tO poIitics.What cause most nnportant tO YO right now? Some- thing that is important t0 my heart right now is DACA. I feel like it's terrible that it's being taken away. Also, the racism go- ing on in our country iS unbelievable. You're sober now. You've said YO 収 get triggered seeing things like drug in movies. Does that still happen? Like, l'm not going t0 watch WO 可 W Street. a ton ofcocaine that movie. l'mjust not going tO put myselfthrough that. l'm also not gonna put myselfin envi- ronments where there's a lOt Of drugs or alcohol around me. But I don't really get triggered anymore, because I don't al- low myselfto get triggered. What have yo 設 learned om social media? l've learned it's sometimes best tO keep certain things t0 yourself. As much as I would love tO comment on people in the news, my opinion ofour President doesn't help anybody. When it's something that is right or wrong—like LGBTQ rights— l'm more open and speak up for things I believe in. What would yoube doing yo weren't ⅲ shOW business? I would love tO be a detective. ー・ RAISA BRUNER Gaga 0 れれ ou れ ced 0 れ Sept. 18 that she was os ゆ 0 れⅲ g her European tour tO cope with her chronic ai れ ON MY RADAR THE SUBTLE ART OF 20T Ⅶ NG A F-CK "l'm notmuch 0 工 0 reader, unless it's 0 self-help b00 But ー did ve this b00 を ' s 0 れ b ′れ工 Ors re. ” Lady Gaga, brought IOW GAGA: FIVE FOOT TWO, A BACKSTAGE DOCUMEN- tary now stre aming on Netflix, is without much precedent. Films Ofits sort are generally lionizing, made at career high points. But Five FOOt TWO, directed by Chris MoukarbeI ( Ba れた Does New 新 r た ) , shows Lady Gaga at a professional and personal IOW. lt tracks the creation, release and promotion Ofher latest album , 100 れ〃 e , even as that process is vexed by b0th medical ailments and a marketplace that's cooling on Gaga. The star's last solo album, Ar 印 0 was deemed a commercial and creative disappointment. SO her desperation is evident when Gaga arrives at a Walmart to buyJoa れ e on the night ofits release. She wants to be recognized by the store's employees and t0 be seen being recognized by them. The anxi- ety here is expressed inadvertently, but elsewhere Moukarbel understands that she is struggling ・ The film comes out about a decade into Gaga's career, roughlywhen Madonna 叩 peared ⅲ her own documentary, Truth or Dare. From the start, Gaga, another ambitious and ideology-driven ltalian American, has been compared tO the "Like a prayer" singer. Other recent pop documentaries, like Beyoncé's も竰な But 0 Dream and Ka 収 Perry: Part ofMe, stuck to Madonna's playbook, spotlighting highs upon highs. But Five F00t TWO is remarkable because it iS centered around a personality Whose need tO be seen and understood runs up against implacable realities. By documenting a period that other artists might have kept hidden, it far exceeds the musical era it depicts. —DANIEL D'ADDARIO 50 TIME Oct0ber 9 , 2017 DOCUMENTARY GAGA: NETF 匚 X; LOVATO: 」 ON KOPALOFF—FILMMAGIC/GETTY IMAGES

5. TIME 2017年10月9日号

THE 0 E す AFTER A STORM IS A REAL THING. Stillness is drenched in humidity and scorched by a sun blasting down from the clear skies that will eventually follow a hurricane. But on this island 0f 3.4 million people, the quiet after Hurricane Maria had a distinct feeling Of absence, an inattention bordering on obliviousnes S. The 6 代 h strongest storm ever tO strike the U. S. hit puerto Rico on Sept. 20 with stronger winds than lrma brought t0 Florida and the kind of rain that Hurricane Harvey dumped on Houston. lt made landfall on aWednesday, and in the digital age, its effects were well documented by Friday: parts 0f San Juan, the capital Of this U. S. territory, were underwater. The verdant island was stripped of its foliage. U. S. citizens lapped water from natural springs. But 0 Ⅱ the mainland, the topics 0f the day were a special election in Alabama, the latest GOP stab at repealing Obamacare and a fight President Donald Trump had picked with the NFL. "Puerto Rico, which is part Ofthe United States, can turn intO a humanitarian cr1Sis; 1tS governor, Ricard0 Rosse116, warned on Sept. 25. One day later, a poll showed that almost half ofAmericans did not know that Puerto Ricans are American citizens. we speak Of a catastrophe, everyone must be treated equally. ” After winning plaudits for their smooth, coordinated responses in Texas and Florida this past summer, the feds were not exactly caught flat-footed ⅲ the Caribbean. Two weeks before Maria hit PuertO Rico, which was preparing for Hurricane lrma tO hit, FEMA had about 124 staff members deployed there and in the Virgin lslands. Water, meals, cots and blankets were pre-positioned in San Juan. But the scale of the devastation—combined with the inattention ofthe White House— generated a tableau that critics described as evidence Of neglect or worse. Pushed ontO the defensive, the White House hastily arranged a 38 TIME October 9 , 2017 0 軽第

6. TIME 2017年10月9日号

The Brief 'THE JOB OF TREASURY SECRETARYIS CHIEFLY TO BE A WASHINGTONHORSE WHISPERER TO THE FINANCIAL MARKETS. ' -—NEXT PAGE Treasury Secretary steven Mnuchin briefs reporters during the し N. General Assembly raise the lowest tax bracket from 10 % LIKE A NOVICE WAITER FACING to 12 % and increase the number Of unruly diners , Steven Mnuchin has people wh0 would pay no taxes. But spent the p ast six months trying tO the ultimate sh 叩 e ofthe proposal— entice Washington with what should and its imp act on middle- and lower- be an appetizing offering: tax reform. mcome Americans—was impossible Huddled in closed-door sessions in tO determine. The specifics on many ornate conference rooms across the deductions and the precise new c 叩 ital, the Treasury Secretary has income brackets are not yet on 0 仟 er. offered options, and taken orders, Despite the GOP's outward in a chaotic search for consensus on enthusiasm for the rollout, behind the Republican Party's long-sought the scenes the concern among legislative agenda item. But on Sept. 27 , Republicans was palpable. Tax reform When Mnuchin and congressional now represents the last, best hope for Republicans emerged from the kitchen, b ig-ticket legislation. Few expect the what they put on the table amounted measure tO take shape until early next tO a promise ofdessert with little sense year as Republicans must agam try tO ofwhen the mam course would arrive, reach agreement on what they actually let alone what it would consist Of. want the big bill to be. The tax- re form p ackage Mnuchin Helping t0 deliver that package and his allies presented would slash is an improbable role for Mnuchin, corporate tax rates from 36 % tO 20 % , POLITICS An unlikely salesman for the Republican Party's tax plan By Zeke 工 MiIIer M00 トの H3 ト 1 コ工 S/X3 、 dV 5 PHOTOGRAPH BYANDRES KUDACKI

7. TIME 2017年10月9日号

0 ー ON a referendum on the President himself. anthem, compared with just 33 % wh0 NFL ownersjoined with their disagreed. From that vantage, picking the "The most frustrating thing is that teams,from ー : Shahid K れ可市 e fight was a shrewd survival tactic. people weren't kneeling because they c 愿 0 れ v 辺 e 扣 gu 肝 s け er ヮ 10 れ es 可市 e For the players and the league , the goal believe police brutality is too high or Dallas Cowboys; Daniel Snyder 可市 e is simpler. "We wanted tO shOW our fan because of racial inequality,' says Nate Washington Redskins base that we support each other, that we Boyer, a former Green Beret and NFL have each other's back, and we'll continue long snapper Whose conversations With The divide is a reminder of how Kaepernick helped coax the quarter- tO be champions for our communities, back tO kneel rather than sit in protest. says Philadelphia Eagles safety Malcolm differently people see the American condition. lt's also notable that few, if "They took a knee because they don't Jenkins, who raised his fist before the Sept. 24 game and has been a leader 0f any, prominent white NFL players, such like Donald Trump. We're now equating as Tom Brady, Aaron Rodgers or JJ Watt, the American flag with a person—not the the protest movement. Trump's rhetoric also turned conser- have taken a knee, though Brady called 300 million diverse people it's supposed vative owners WhO support him intO SO- Trump 's remarks "divisive ” and all three tO represent. ” lt is a talent that Trump's foes have cial activists, if fleetingly. Many knelt, linked arms with teammates. Such a move come tO appreciate. "He does a good j0b locked arms or released statements in could send a powerful message t0 white 0f picking his opponents,: ” says Terry support 0f their players. Such displays America that black players are fighting for SuIIivan, a Republican consultant who of sideline strength could buy the NFL issues that matter tO everyone. managed Marco Rubi0's presidential some goodwill among the growing seg- "When somebody with that huge a campaign. "That is his gift: he has ment Ofits fan base turned Offby concerns name uses a platform tO fight for a cause, it a unique ability t0 bring down the about the CTE crisis and the le ague 's han- moves mountains; says Miami Dolphins discourse and drag down his opponents dling Of domestic-violence cases involv- safety Michael Thomas, a Stanford ing its players. While those owners may graduate who knelt during the anthem tO his level, SO that their arguments have recognized the value Ofthe gesture, seem even more ridiculous than hiS. ” AS throughout the 2016 season but has not another GOP strategist whose candidate none have been willing to risk the blow- been repeating the gesture this year. back ofsigning Kaepernick, who is widely "lt just can't be black players. If we get competed against Trump in the 2016 primary frames it: "We were playing on considered tO be more talented than many more of our NFL bothers who are white, other backup quarterbacks in the league. the narrative is going tO change. lt's that his stage the entire campaign. Or t0 put it in football parlance: Even on an extraordinary Sunday, how- simple. ” Trump's playbook is t0 turn every battle The prote sts , if they continue , should ever, the NFL was far from unified: over- intO an away game for his opponents. spark Other conversations, not only all, just 12 % 0f players knelt on Sept. 24 , UntiI they figure out how to win on about race, justice and inequality but according t0 an ESPN estimate. As his Trump's turf, each new provocation by teammates protested, Broncos defensive alSO about hOW tO respond tO a President the President is likely to end in a victory with a knack for choosing battles that end DerekWolfe told the network that he for the White House. —With reporting thought the display was disrespectful to benefit him, no matter hOW divisive. AS by BEN GOLDBERGER/NEW YORK; 0 れ d has Often been the case, Trump turned a military veterans. “ The greate st country PHILIP ELLIOTT れ d ZEKE J. MILLER/ protest with specific goals—from racial ⅲ the world, and you reside here,: ” Wolfe equality tO criminal-justice reform—into ロ said. "Why do you stay? ” WASHINGTON 35

8. TIME 2017年10月9日号

ょ ' ドユ 5 ロ” from salary caps t0 franchise-player for peacefully using their constitutional John McCain and Jeff FIake, both tags—defy free-market principles. right t0 free speech, just five weeks Republicans, argued that the military Some Of this tension is built intO after defending the same rights for pageantry that has crept int0 professional the NFL's founding. The nation's first violent white nationalists marching sports is partly about profit. The study professional football teams were in once found that $ 6.8 million in Defense on Charlottesville, Va. 'Why didn't booming Rust Belt cities like Muncie, he condemn What was going on in Department contracts had been doled lnd. ; Rock lsland, III. ; and Akron, Ohio; Charlottesville? ” Denver Broncos out tO professional sports leagues tO and the league works hard to promote linebacker Brandon Marshall told showcase what the Senators called itS roots in America S manufacturing TIME hours after he and 31 teammates 'paid patriotism ”—from on-field color- base. The NFL Hall ofFame is in Canton, knelt on the field before a 26-16 loss guard performances and re-enlistment Ohio, and the names of iconic franchises to the Bills. "For him to condemn us ceremonies tO sponsorship deals for like the Steelers and Green Bay Packers for exercising our rights, that says a lOt performances Of "G0d Bless America. are living tributes to blue collar identity. about him as a President. ” Says a White But now the battle lines have been The deepening cultural divide between House offlcial: "The national anthem drawn by the President. "The venue is its athletes and its audience IS one and the American flag are symbols of not what it's about," says Representative reason the NFL studiously tries tO avoid the commitment Americans make tO our Brian Mast, a FlOrida Republican and country and its ideals. They serve as a Purple Heart recipient wh0 lost both legs controversy. ln one Of his many tweets about the humbling reminder of those who have in an IED explosion in Kandahar in 2010. player protests, Trump insisted "the fought and died tO ensure that we remain "lt's about disrespecting the flag and issue 0f kneeling has nothing t0 do with one nation, under GOd, indivisible— our country. They're using the national race. lt is about respect for our Country, something for which the President will anthem as an opp ortunity. Flag and National Anthem. NFL must always stand firm. ” According tO a senior White House respect this! ” But it escaped no one that ()ff ℃ ial, some Administration aides, Trump had uncorked his attack in a state including chief 0f staff John Kelly, were 、 VH WILL THE national-anthem with an ugly history of racial discord. controversy end? A 2015 jOint oversight peeved by the President's focus on "The people cheering; ” Seattle Seahawks report released by Arizona Senators the sideline behavior of professional defensive end Michael Bennett told athletes at a moment when challenges TIME, "was the most hurtful thing. like threats from North Korea and the Trump has a history 0f fanning tribal aftermath Of Hurricane Maria loom. But divisions, including comments about other Republicans saw a matchup tO the Central Park Five case in 1989 , exploit. the racially loaded ads he ran against As these strategists read it, so long potential Native American casino as the President could cast the debate competitors in 2000 and his campaign- as patriots against protesters, he would trail attacks. win. Polls bear out that view: in an lpsos/ For NFL players, it was hard to Reuters survey released on Sept. 26 , square the fact that the President had 58 % of respondents said athletes should called black athletes "sons of bitches ” be required tO stand during the national 34 TIME Oct0ber 9 , 2017 'TO CO 取臧 e ー取取 us for exercising 0 r rights says a 亡 about him as a re e 取 t よ —BRANDON MARSHALL, Denver Broncos

9. TIME 2017年10月9日号

度 , 一をデ Emergency-services vehicles cast blue light 0 れ 0 section 可 Sa れ 1u0 experiencing 0 blackout hours after the hurricane made れ d. 〃 ALEX WROBLEWSKI—GETTY IMAGES

10. TIME 2017年10月9日号

D LAND 第 A 蓚 THE PARADISE REFUGEES BELIEVE IT TO BE? IN THE SUMMER OF 2015 , A CURIOUS piece 0f world news brought a flicker of hope to the wretched Syrian city of Palmyra. lslamic State fighters had taken over the ancient town, toppling its monu- ments and executing anyone WhO resisted their draconian rules. And yet at one Of the City'S darkest moments, rumors Of a sanctuary far away began t0 filter ⅲ , gen- erating dreams among a populace that had already lost everything. On Aug. 31 ofthat year, German Chancellor Angela Merkel declared that her country was prepared to take in hundreds ofthousands ofrefu- gees fleeing war in the Middle East. "We can dO this; ” she said in a speech in Ber- lin, calling it a "national duty ” t0 support those in danger. Across Syria, preoccupa- tions with the civil war gave way tO fan- tasies 0f an unlikely new promised land: the Germany ofMama Merkel. The Chancellor suddenly became a positive punch line t0 dark jokes about Syrians' futures, says Yehiya M0ham- mad, a driver from Palmyra wh0 at the time had just been released from one 0f syrian president Bashar Assad's notori- ous prisons. "People would be talking t0 each other … One would suggest, Just go ・ ' 'Go where?' 'GO to Mama Merkel—she's accepting everyone. As the war eviscerated what was le 仕 0f Syria's schools and hospitals, many Syrians like M0hammad realized that they had no choice but t0 leave ifthey wanted their children to have a future. Taimaa Abazli, a 25-year-01d ethereal beauty from 第を ~ NourAltallaa,her husband us げ A r 〃 0 d their daughter Rahafexplore their new home ⅲ 0 camp Bad Berleburg, Germany, on 19