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1. TIME 2017年9月25日号

4 ッ and bad risks, and there are a lot of policyholders time t0 talk about climate change; ” Miami's Repub- whO O 、Ⅵ 1 what are called "repetitive loss properties; ” lican Mayor Tomås Regalad0 told the Miami Herald. 0 れ te Vedra eac ル 0. homes that are repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt "This is a truly, truly poster child forwhat is to come. in the same spot. Just 1 % 0f all policyholders are A house slides into Regalado is right, ofcourse. S 0 tOO are the scientists the ocea れ 0 〃 the responsible for making 25 % t0 30 % Of the claims whO have been taking the earth's temperature for Atlantic Coast—one under the program. decades and tracked the fever it's spiking, with the more home built t00 lnconveniently, at least for those repeat offenders, determination that the greenhouse gases humans are close tO danger the program is set tO come up for renewal later this pumping int0 the planetary system are a powerful year, and Congress will have tO act tO continue, scrap and correctable cause ofthe illness. or modify it. Harvey and lrma may not be voting lt's tO the nation's credit that we've gotten SO good at managing disasters when they happen— members of Congress, but they should have a loud that SO many Americans rush intO the storm, VOice in the debate. risking their lives t0 help those wh0 are trapped. lt Ultimately and always, the question returns to cli- mate change. S cott Pruitt, E PA administrator and a will be a similar act of courage—and kindness—to long-standing climate-change doubter, said the im- take the hard steps needed to help heal the planet. mediate aftermath Of the twin storms was not the —With reporting by CHARLOTTE ALTER/NEW YORK; time tO talk about their causes and that it was "insen- ELIZABETH DIAS, ZEKE J. MILLER 0 れ d JUSTIN sitive ” to address the issue when Florida and Texas WORLAND/WASHINGTON; JOSEPH HINCKS/HONG KONG; TARA JOHN/ANTIGUA; ANDREW KING 〃 d were still recovering. That argument was met largely with hoots, even by fellow Republicans. "This is the JONATHAN D. WOODS/MIAMI 29

2. TIME 2017年9月25日号

Courtney carries his dog through fioodwaters ⅲ this れ ews photograph 市砒 sparked an outpouring 可 support ' e 響 were bas 0 S ー 0 ′ t 題 0 0 れ 徊′ their Jeremiah Richard, Hurricane Harvey victim nonprofits are seeing an opportunity tO draw new digital funding streams from crowdfunding sites. "We wouldn't have been here this long if we didn't continue tO adapt and evolve; ” says Jennifer Elwood, vice president Of consumer marketing and fundraising at the Red Cross, which has worked with CrowdRise, a site acquired by GoFundMe last year. CrowdRise's supporters are 0 Ⅱ average 45 to 55 years 01d , while the donors who respond to the Red Cross's direct-mail campaigns are 70 tO 80 years Old. "Part ofour DNA is meeting people where they're at and making sure we're relevant; ” Elwood says. After Hurricane Harvey, the Red Cross raised more than $ 211 million, including nearly $ 6 million through its CrowdRise p artnership. The SaIvation Army, which collected at least $ 20 million for Harvey relief, is also taking a closer look at crowdfunding. When flooding hit Louisiana last summer, damaging thousands Of homes and businesses, donors gave $ 4 million tO the Salvation Army's reliefefforts, which the organization said was not enough tO meet the needs on the ground. ln con- trast, GoFundMe users raised over $ 11 million for more than 6 , 000 campaigns related t0 the f100d. The disparity was enough t0 prompt the Salvation Army tO consider using crowdfunding campaigns in the ん - ture, according tO Ron Busroe, the group's national secretary for community relations and development, but SO far the organization has not done so. Charitable donations in the U. S. have steadily increased since 2010 , reaching a record high Of $ 390 billion in 2016 , a figure that includes dona- tions given tO traditional charities and some crowd- funding campaigns, according t0 the Giving USA Foundation. That's a dramatic increase from the roughly $ 134 billion raised ⅲ 1976 , a number ad- justed for inflation, as well as the $ 307 billion raised in 2009. "There is a very significant role that crowdfund- ing is playing, says Una Osili, associate dean for research and international programs at the lndi- ana University Lilly Family School ofPhilanthropy, which works with Giving USA to track charita- ble giving. "lt's increasing the overall amount, but it's also broadening whO is participating. lt has the potential tO draw new donors and make giving more inclusive. STILL, CROWDFUNDING COMES with risks that aren't present when giving t0 an established nonprofit. Jeremiah Richard, a 31-year-01d Houston father of two, created a GOFundMe page after his family lost everything they owned ⅲ Harvey's floods and had to be airlifted out Oftheir apartment complex—a rescue captured by a local television news station. Speaking tO a reporter, Richard counted his blessings in an interview that was widely shared. Soon afterward, he was alarmed t0 see other pages popping up on the crowdfunding site, created by people he'd never met, purporting t0 collect money for him. "lt said I was the organizer. They were basically using our situation for their gain,' Richard says. The tWO accounts he spotted have since been removed from the site. GoFundMe says it verifies the identity 0f all campaign organizers and employs a team to monitor the platform for fraud. Campaigns involv- ing a misuse offunds make up less than one-tenth Of 1 % ofall funding requests on the site, and when they d0 happen, the money is returned in んⅡ to every donor, the company says. Crowdfunding also raises thorny tax questions. Unlike donations to traditional charities, donations to individuals are not tax-deductible. And while the IRS says those whO receive money from crowd- funding can claim it as an untaxed gift, a handful of crowdfunders report receiving tax bills anyway. Money raised from crowdfunding can also affect a family 's eligibility for public assistance. For lsiah Courtney, the benefits of crowd- funding far outweighed any potential risks. The $ 32 , 000- plus that he has received will go toward ま repairing hiS house, including removing ruined Sheetrock and replacing furniture and carpeting. ln the dffcult days following the storm, he has been heartened by the support he's received from people he's never met, many ofwhom praised him for car- rying his family's pit bull through waist-deep water to ・ dry land. "You are an AMAZING person,' one donor wrote on his page. Just when my faith ⅲ humanity had bottomed out after seeing tons ofpets stranded and tie d tO tree s, your picture surfaced this morn- ing and gave me new hope. ” ロ 32 TIME September 25 , 2017

3. TIME 2017年9月25日号

that could redirect traffc tO less congested routes. ln Florida, evacuations were wisely ordered. Three days before lrma hit, it was alre ady packing 180 Ⅱ 1. p. h. WindS and was 0 Ⅱ a direct course for Miami. AISO figuring intO the decision was the storm's murderous romp through the Caribbean, which woke a lot ofpeople up t0 its power. The effort to keep Florida's lights on—or at least get them back on when they failed—was another exercise in planning, one that benefited from a kindness-of-strangers collegiality that has developed among states and localities across the country as catastrophic storms have become more common. ln the week before lrma hit, Florida Power & Light, the state's biggest electricity provider, sent out an appealto Other states for "restoration forces"—utility trucks, tree trimmers, linemen and Other personnel from power companies. Ultimately, that appeal produced a force 0f nearly 20 , 000 people, many 0f Whom were on loan from utility companies as far away as California, Wisconsin and 28 Other states. AS they streamed southwe st, gas -tanker trucks were stationed along the interstates tO facilitate refueling. 第← "ltwas truly a military-grade operation," says R0b Gould, a vice president of Florida Power & Light, wh0 is, incidentally, a former member Of the Air Force. "You're moving people, you re moving equipment, and you have t0 have it all ready t0 deploy. ” Thatkindofall-hands generosityevenmore deeply informs the work ofthe neighborhood nonprofits and faith-based groups. ln Houston, where local offcials more with getting by as the city flooded, this was especially ⅲ evidence. ln the city 0fKaty, just outside Of Houston, Kristel Meadows, a stay-at-home mother the street 仕 om her had been slogging by in the same soggy, muddy clothes for days. SO she marched over f00d and basic supplies and share hazard warnings. tO the firehouse late one evening—bre aking curfew— G0ing forward, ofcourse, U. S. policyhas t0 be built and offered to bring their clothes to her house and on more than heroic first responders, courageous launder them. They accepted the 0ffer. communities and generous corporations scrambling The next day, she, her husband and others set up a tO meet storm after storm as climate change makes barbecue in a parking 10t ofthe Katy Elks L0dge and hurricanes more powerful and more deadly. There are encouraged friends t0 bring their grills and smokers. only SO many D-Day mobilizations a country has ⅲ it. Over the course offive days, they made 15 , 000 meals The answer instead must be a suite Of policies for first responders and neighbors whO were out that bOth fortify coasts and cities against storms and of food and water. "I can't rescue anybody; ” says discourage rebuilding in places that are tOO exposed Meadows. "But I can COOk a meal, I can dO laundry. tO protect. AISO important is knowing when tO quit. During Harvey and lrma, consumers and locals Piet Dircke, a program director for water management benefited even more directly from public-spirited at the global consultancy firmArcadis, often offers his companies. Home Depot makes it a practice offreez- clients the simple wisdom, "Give room tO the river. ing its prices where a state ofemergency is declared. ln other words, don't build your home ⅲ places As lrma closed in on Florida, JetBlue 0ffered flat $ 99 you're likely to drown. For homeowners, the federal fares for anyone trying t0 leave the state before the government has become the principal issuer offlood airports were shut down. The National Business insurance after private insurers largely abandoned Emergency Operations center, an increasingly ef- the market. The National F100d lnsurance Program, fective consortium Of big companies and business however, makes little distinction between good risks associations, works tO coordinate the shipment Of 28 TIME September 25 , 2017 What must 也 Making changes now will prepare us fO 「 the future: Strengthen 0 題 r infrastructure National infrastructu including power lines, dams, seawalls and levees need repairs and upgrades in order to withstand strong storms. Address c 取ー a change Warmer water and atmospheric temperatures are fueling extreme weather conditions. CIimate-friendIy policies can counter this trend.

4. TIME 2017年9月25日号

TheBrief NATURE d0 not support the president Ofthe United States"' Bannon promised. people close tO Bannon are spreading word that he is preparing t0 launch pri- mary challengers against a slate 0fRepublican Sen- ate incumbents, including frequent Trump critics like Arizona's JeffFlake, vulnerable swing-state Senators like Nevada's Dean Heller and even Ten- nessee's BOb Corker, the chairman Ofthe Senate Foreign Relations CO mmittee. With Breitbart's megaphone and RObert Mer- cer's money, Bannon has the power tO cause head- aches for the GOP. ln a year when Republicans should be on Offense in senate contests—they are defending a mere eight seats, mostly in red states, compared with the Democrats' 25 ー a slew 0fpop- ulist primary challenges would drain the party's coffers and force Senate boss Mitch McConnell tO defend his colleagues instead ofbattling the Demo- crats. McConnell has committed tO protecting in- cumbent Republicans against up start challengers, even ifit COStS precious cash. Spending money on defense could limit Republicans' ability t0 dump dollars into races where they hope t0 pick up seats, such as the senate contests in OhiO, pennsylvania and Wisconsin. And primaries can dampen party morale, discouraging VOters WhO favored avan- quished challenger. And yet Bannon's boasts ring a bit hollow. For starters, Breitbart doesn't pack the punch it once did. Traff ℃ is down, according tO some media met- rics. (Breitbart disputes those reports. ) Advertisers have fled amid organized boycotts. The site, suffer- ing from a string ofoutrageous stories and inflam- matory remarks by far-right staffers , has struggled tO adapt its outsider, guerrilla tactics tO the Trump presidency and unified Republican control 0f Washington. NOW that Bannon has broken cover, he doesn't seem quite as menacing. MOSt important, Republican leaders have shown that Bannon and his ilk can be beaten. Over the last three election cycles, mainstream Republicans, buoyed by their own big donors, have regularly trounced Tea Party— style insurgents in GOP primaries. ln 2014 and ' 16 , McConnell and his allies went to war with the Ban- nonites often—and won almost every time. ln one race Breitbart hyped, the website waged war against House Speaker paul Ryan, writing a steady stream ofnegative stories—more than 30 in a single week— to boost an obscure primary challenger named Paul Nehlen. ln the end Nehlen still lost by 68 points. Even at the White House, Bannon's act has worn thin. "Steve always likes to speak ⅲ kind ofthe most extreme measures; press secretary sarah Huckabee Sanders said. Which helps explain why, for the most part, Republican insiders shrugged 0ffBannon's bombast. By now they know his power never quite lives uptohis myth. —With reportingby PHILIP ELLIOTT/WASHINGTON TIME September 25 , 2017 6 Back to the wild WiId tigers are being reintroduced in Kazakh- stan, 70 years after they became extinct there because Of habitatloss and poaching. The WWF-supported proJect, which involves the restoration Of a forest, is the latest in a series ofwild releases. —Kate SamueIson ORYX 粮 CHAD 旧 August, Abu Dhabi's EnvironmentaI Agency released 54 captivity-bred scimitar-horned oryx intO the wild on the edge Of the Sahara desert in Chad. The species Of antelope was driven tO extinction in the CentraI African country following civil unrest in the 1980S. TICKER Ⅳ 0 charges ⅲ Freddie Gray case Citing "insufficient evidence, ” the Department Of 」 ustice said itwill not bring charges against SiX BaItimore police officers involved in the fatalinjuryofFreddie Gray, a 25-year-oId African American whose death sparked citywide protests. U.. Ⅳ . steps upNorth Korea sanctions The U. N. Security Council unanimously stepped up sanctions against North Korea followingthe country's sixth nucleartest. The fresh sanctions restrict oilimports and ban textile exports. States sue Trump over ending DACA California, Minnesota, MaryIand and Maine sued the Trump Administration over itS decisionto end DACA,a program that protected undocumented people broughtto the U. S. as children. The suitclaimsthatthe President violated the Constitution and other laws when he rescinded the program. ・ MOn 々 e リ se(fie' 厄 g fight settled Photographer David Slater settled a two- yearlegal fight over the copyright tO a selfie taken by a monkey using hiS camera. Animal-rights group PETA sued for royalties on the monkey's behalf. Slater agreed to donate 25 % Of future revenue from the images tO charity. SNAKES 粮 THE U. S. Twelve threatened eastern indigo snakes, the longest snake native to the U. S. , which can grow up tO 9 化 were reintroduced tO northern Florida in 」 u ツ by a coalition Of local conservation groups. They hope tO release indigo snakes intO the wild every year fO 「 a decade. BEAVERS IN THE U.K. Beavers from Norway were released in Scotland's lochs and rivers in 2009, almost 400 years after being hunted to extinction in the U. K. The rodents have since created new wetlands and helped regulate flooding, and were given OffiCial native-species status in Scotland in ' 16. DIGITS $ 8 million The amount Patty Jenkins is 肥 po ed ツ tO be paid tO write, direct and produce the 2019 sequelto Wonder Woman; the sum would make her the highest paid female directorin history ロ

5. TIME 2017年9月25日号

accolades abroad for her moral courage use the national colors —black, red and and compassion; she was named TIME'S gold—in her campaign ・ Person Ofthe Year in 2015 , in large part ln one sense, the move was lll because ofthat decision. keeping with her political instincts. Some Germans, tO be sure, have felt Throughout her 12 years ⅲ offlce, empowered by Merkel's association she has shown a martial artist's touch with global leadership. But many for turning the strengths of her others have winced at the sight ofher opponents against them. The tactic, joining what they perceive tO be an though effective, has earned her a elitist club that knows nothing oftheir reputation for hogging t00 much 0f own problems. "This feeling around the political spectrum; in a recent globalization made a retro trend toward cartoon, the daily Berliner Zeitung nationalism, ' says Strerath. "When you depicted the Chancellor as a shapeless are afraid 0f a complex world, you tend amoeba, methodically swallowing tO go intO your cocoon. And ifyou have and digesting its prey. "She does have the feeling that all the decisionmakers this way of using all the oxygen,: ” Peer are living ⅲ this global space, that Steinbrück, the Social Democrat who means they don't care for you. lost tO Merkel during the race in 2012 , lt is among such antiglobalists that once complained tO me with a mix Of the AfD has made its greatest gains, not bitterness and admiration. only by saying that lslam is not welcome in Germany, but also by promising t0 SCHULZ WOULD KNOW the feeling. pull Germany back into its prosperous Although the former European shell. ln the Strerath formula of the Parliament President is still likely tO German mind, this would be an appeal take second place in these elections, t0 that warm and cozy feeling of his campaign has found it hard to Gemütlichkeit. He wanted Merkel to set him 叩 art from Merkel, wh0 has deftly co-opted his policies. At the end undermine the AfD by appealing t0 that of June, for instance, she suddenly same れ Otion. Their first attempt came in August veered tO the le 仕 and announced that she would li 仕 her opposition with the launch ofher campaign slogan, tO same-sex marriage. Although the Rather than design a hip new image which was widely deride d as clunky for the Chancellor, Strerath has sought Chancellor later voted no t0 placate and glib: "For a Germany in which we to make subtle, almost subliminal live well and gladly. ” Even Strerath her conservative supporters, the adjustments tO her persona, ones that admits that it was a mouthful (especially German Parliament legaliz ed it with an would make her seem less globalized alongside the unpronounceable Twitter ove rwhelming maj ority. S chulz and the and more German. The problem, he hashtag created from its German Social Democrats had little choice but t0 go along. Much the same happened says, was her global profile. Germany's acronym, #fedidwgugl). But its aim, he says, was tO shOW that Merkel is down- tO the AfD's hard line against Muslims. economic power has translated during TO the astonishment Of Merkel's liberal to-earth: neither as 10fty as Schulz and the Merkel era into a great deal of supporters, she canted tO the right in clout in international affairs, turning the Social Democrats ("Time for more December and called for a ban on んⅡ - the Chancellor into a key decider on Justice! ” ) nor as steeped in identity everything from the Greek debt crisis to politics as the AfD ("Trust yourself face veils. the conflict in Ukraine and the civil war When the votes are tallied in late Germany! ” ). September, it will be hard t0 tell which in Syria. (After Trump's election, many TO drive home the point, Strerath Of these swerves won her the most observers crowned her the new "leader pushed MerkeI to "steal back ” the ofthe free world," a designation she support—or whether any 0f them were imagery ofthe German flag, which the tends to brush away. ) right wing had plastered over its posters. even necessary. Ultimately, it may just be a preponderance 0fAngst that Merkel has not shied from the "That was a very difflcult discussion, endears Germans—or resigns them—to responsibility that comes with her role Strerath recalls. Although it may seem the idea ofvoting for another four years in the world, however, even when it has natural tO most Americans and, indeed, with Merkel. "That is a very big thing cost her dearly at home. Her response other Europeans, flag waving is still in German culture: risk avoidance, tabOO in mainstream German politics, as tO Europe S migration cr1SiS IS a case says Strerath. "We are very cautious. ⅲ point. By allowing vast numbers are most gestures that invoke the still- And in a world beset by cataclysms that 0f refugees from Syria and lraq t0 sensitive specter ofnationalism. lt was are Often hard tO understand, the safest only after a series ofsurveys and focus apply for asylum ⅲ Germany in 2015 , option may be tO stay the course—even the Chancellor alienated many ofher groups predicted a warm reaction from the German public that Merkel agreed to if it does seem rather boring. ロ conservatlve supporters even as She won 11

6. TIME 2017年9月25日号

TheView Enter biometric authentication, or using a person's physical traits—such as a fingerprint, a face or an iris—to double-check his or her identity• ln recent years, this method has POPPed up on a variety 0f platforms, including s martphones (you can "unlock ” the newest iPhones and Samsung Galaxies us ing your face) ; mobile -b anking app s (Citibank and Bank 0fAmerica both allow you t0 log in tO your account using a fingerprint); and even airport-security checkpoints (the TSA is testing fingerprint scanners at tWO U. S. airports). The main selling point: it's a lot harder for people t0 steal your identity ifthey have t0 physically re- create it. "Anyone can lOOk at you and see hOW tall you are; ” says Jim Sullivan, a senior executive at the biometric firm BIO-key. 'But they can't 100k at you and be that tall just by knowing that information. That said, hackers have always found ways t0 circumvent new security standards, and biomet- riCS are no exception. Researchers have demon- strated that it's possible t0 digitally compose a fake fingerprint. And a recent test ofthe Galaxy NOte 8's iris scanner indicated the sensor could be fooled by holding a photo up to the phone's front- facing camera. But there are ways t0 fight back— such as augmenting the fingerprint sensors tO test for "liveliness; ” like blood flow. And even with itS riSkS, biometrics are still far more secure than passwords and pass COdes. Yet it will be tough for biometric verification t0 make the jump from technology premium t0 government standard, especially in America. ln order tO create any kind ofbiometric-backed ID system, the government would have tO collect and store biometric data on every U. S. citizen—a pro- cess that's costly and complicated, and would face major regulatory issues. And even if it succeeds, it could have unforeseen consequences. Consider lndia's Aadhaar program, which has now enrolled more than 90 % Ofthe country's population intO a biometric database. Although the system has dra- matically cut down on fraud, critics argue it may prevent some citizens from accessing government benefits. "We are building a system that will decide whether a child will eat or not … based on [the] quality Of lnternet connectivity and cleanliness Of the child's thumbprint; ” Sumandro Chattapadhyay, research director at lndia's Center for lnternet and Society, told the Guar 市 0 れ earlier this year. ln the U. S. the biggest hurdle may be compla- cency: we've all gotten comfortable with text- and number-based identity verification. And when there are large breaches, like the one at Equifax, the hijacked data is often sold to other hackers for later use—meaning the consequences aren't always felt right away. "The system is broken; ” says Avivah Litan, a security analyst at Garter. "But the pains just aren't great enough yet. ” ロ 18 TIME September 25 , 2017 」 OHN ATKINSON, WRONG HANDS CHARTOON digitalthreats safeguarded against need to be better Times that elections arguing in the New York former U. S. President, JIMMY CARTER, advances. ' technology true as digital even more This will be governance. democratic gu arante e cannot 'Elections VERBATIM BOOK IN BRIEF America's newest, oldest nomads IN THE MYTHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN Dream, retirement is supposed tO be syn- onymous with leisure. NOt SO for the tens ofthousands 0fAmericans whose safety nets were decimated after the 2008 re- cession; in order tO find work, many Of them are leaving the ir home s and hitting the road inRVs, trailers and other make shift mobile dwellings. Journal- istJessica Bruder profiles this cohort in her new bOOk Nomadland: Sur- vivingAmerica in the Twenty-First Century. ln many ways, she explains, their existence re- Nomadland 黨を第ををみ、を、を第物 sembles those who fled the Dust BowI in the Great Depression. TO make ends meet, these formerly middle-class senior citizens take seasonaljobs as sugar-beet harvesters, Amazon warehouse work- ers and campground maintenance em- ployees, moving on whenever ajOb dries up. "There is hope on the road,: ” Bruder writes. Ofcourse, hope alone can't trump the realities of aging. As these nomads get Older, they remain in search Ofa more sustainable solution. ー SARAH B E GLE Y Renaissance artist or coffee? 0 トハ石月 SO ハみ・ wro門耘れd社.com ー pain+er e 川 rr 凱 55 5. se の de 凱 dead ARTIST COFFEE 簔 阜 MACCHIATO VERROCCHI 0 CORTADO RISTRETTO M S C ロ 0 AFFOGATO CARAJ にし 0 PISANELLO GA し 0 TINTORETTO ARTIST COFFEE ut4SNB