doddering ADJ. shaky; infirm f 「 om 0 旧 age. Although he is not as yet a doddering and senile 0 旧 man, his ideas and opinions no longer can merit the respect we gave them years ago. dO 升 v. take 0 幵 . A gentleman used to doffhis hatto alady. doggerel N. P00 「 verse. Although we find occasional snatches Of genuine poetry in her work, most Of her writing iS mere doggere/,. ー dogmatic ADJ. positive; arbitrary. DO n01 be so dogmatic about that statement; it can be easily refuted. doldrums N. blues; listlessness; slack period. Once the ex- citement Of meeting her deadline was over, shefound her- self in the do/drums. dolorous ADJ. sorrowful. He found the do/orous lamenta- tions Of the be 「 eaved family emotionally disturbing and he れ as quickly as he could. dOlt N. stupid person. lthoughtl was talking to a mature audience; instead,l find myself addressing a pack Of do/ts and idiots. domicile N. home. Although hislegal domici/e was in New York City, his work kept him away from his residence for many years. 引 SO V. domineer V. 「 u over tyrannically. Students prefer teachers WhO guide, not ones WhO domineer. dormant ADJ. sleeping;lethargic; torpid. Sometimes do 「 - / 刀 a 〃 / talents in our friends surprise those Of us WhO never realized how gifted ou 「 acquaintances really are. dor- mancy, N. dO 「 s ADJ. relating t0 the back Of an animal. A shark may be identified by its dorsa/ fin, which projects above the surface Of the ocean. dOtage N. senility.ln his dotage, the 0 旧 man bored us with long tales 0f events in his childhood. Test Word List 1 5 〃 0 ms and ス〃わ ms Each Of the following questions consists Of a word in capital letters, followed by five lettered words 0 「 phrases. Choose the lettered word 0 「 phrase which is most nearly similar 0 「 the opposite Of the word in capitalletters and write theletter Of your ChOice on your answer paper. 21 1 . DISINGENUOUS (A) uncomfortable (B) eventual (C) naive (D) complex (E) enthusiastic 212. DISINTERESTED (A) prejudiced (B) horrendous (C) affected (D) arbitrary (E) bored 213. DISJOINTED (A) satisfied (B) carved (C) understood (D) connected (E) evicted 214. DISPARITY (A) resonance (B) elocution (C) relief (D) difference (E) symbolism Basic WO List 195 doughty ADJ. courageous. Many folk tales have sprung up aboutthis doughtypioneer who opened up the New World for his followers. dou 「 ADJ. sullen; stubborn. The man was dourand taciturn. douse v. plunge into water; drench; extinguish. They doused each 0ther with hoses and water balloons. dOWdy ADJ. slovenly; untidy. Shetriedtochange herdowdy image by buying a new fashionable wardrobe. dregs N. sediment; worthless residue. The dregs of society may be observed in this slum area Of the city. d 「 0 ⅱ ADJ. queer and amusing. He was a popular guest because his dro// anecdotes were always entertaining. drone N. idle person; male bee. Content to let his wife support him, the would-be writer was in reality nothing but a drone. drone v. talk dully; buzz 0 「 murmur like a bee. On a gor- geous day, whO wants tO be stuck in a classroom listening tO the teacher drone. dross N. waste matter; worthless impurities. Many methods have been devised tO separate the valuable metal from the dross. drudgery N. menial WO 「 k. Cinderella's fairy godmother res- cued her from a life 0f drudgery. ■ dubious ADJ. doubtful. He has the dubious distinction of being the lowest man in his class. duenna N. attendant of young female; chaperone. Their romance could not flourish because Of the p 「 esence Of her d し e 〃〃 a. dulcet ADJ. sweetsounding. The du/cetsounds ofthe birds at dawn were soon drowned out by the 「 oa 「 Of traffic pass- ing ou 「 motel. duplicity N. double-dealing; hypocrisy. people were shocked and dismayed when they learned 0f his dup/icity in this affair, as he had always seemed honest and straight- forward. (D) control (E) start DOFF (A) withdraw (B) take 0 幵 (C) remain (D) reveal (E) harm 220. DIVULGE (A) 100k (B) refuse (C) deride (C) absentminded (D) narrow (E) crooked DISTRAIT (A) clever (B) industrial (D) materialize (E) finish 218. DISTEND (A) bloat (B) adjust (C) exist (D) anticipate (E) withdraw 217. DISSIPATE (A) economize (B) clean (C) accept (D) removed (E) dallying 216. DISPIRITED (A) current (B) dented (C) drooping (C) inhibited (D) impartial (E) scientific 215. DISPASSIONATE (A) sensual (B) immoral 221. 219.

58 A Diagnostic SAT 6 6 6 6 6 6 22. 23. 24. 25. According tO the passage, surrounding an activity with formalities makes it (A) less important (B) more dignified (C) less expensive (D) more indirect (E) less solemn (E) prescriptions for drugs (D) nourishment for infants (C) chemical symbols (B) mathematical rules or principles (A) set forms of words for rituals following? could best be interpreted tO mean which Of the The author's use of the term "formulae" (line 16 ) (E) walled suburbs (D) great mercantile houses (C) the mansions of the aristocracy (B) manufactunng establishments (A) houses of worship medieval town there towered According tO the passage, well above the typical (E) routine and boring (D) passionate and turbulent (C) dignified and ceremonious (B) festive and joyful (A) harsh and bleak the following EXCEPT To the author, the MiddIe Ages seem to be all of 6 6 6 6 if a thick curtain had fallen on a11 its interest and romance, tO shut me out from anything save dull endurance any more. Never has that curtain dropped so heavy and blank, as when my way in life lay stretched out straight before me through the newly- entered road Of apprenticeship tO Joe. I remember that at a later peri0d 0f my 。、 time,' ' I used tO stand about the churchyard on Sunday evenings, when night was falling, companng my own perspective with the windy marsh view, and making out some likeness between them by thinking how flat and low both were, and hOW on bOth there came an unknown way and a dark mist and then the sea. I was quite as dejected on the first working-day Of my apprenticeship as in that after time; but I am glad tO know that I never breathed a murmur tO joe while my indentures lasted. lt is about the on thing 1 川 glad tO know Of myself in that connection. For, though it includes what I proceed t0 add, all the merit 0f what I proceed t0 add was Joe's. lt was not because I was faithful, but because Joe was faithful, that I never ran away and went for a soldier or a sailor. lt was not because I had a strong sense Of the virtue Of industry, but because Joe had a strong sense of the virtue 0f industry, that I worked with tolerable zeal against the grain. lt is not possible tO know hOW far the influence Of any amiable honest-hearted duty- going man flies out intO the world; but it is very possible tO know hOW it has touched one's self in going by, and I know right well that any good that intermixed itself with my apprenticeship came Of plain contented Joe, and not Of restless aspiring discontented me. lt is a most miserable thing tO feel ashamed Of home. There may be black ingratitude in the thing, and the punishment may be retributive and well deserved; but, that it is a miserable thing, I can testify. Home had never been a very pleasant place to me, because Of my sister's temper. But Joe had sanctified it and I believed in it. I had believed in the best parlor as a most elegant salon; I had believed in the front door, as a mysterious portal Of the Temple 0f State whose solemn opening was attended with a sacrifice Of roast fowls; I had believed in the kitchen as a chaste though not magnificent apartment; I had believed in the forge as the glowing road tO manhood. NOW, it was all coarse and common, and I would not have had Miss Havisham and Estella see it on any account. Once, it had seemed to me that when I should at last roll up my shirt sleeves and go into the forge, Joe's prentice, I should be distinguished and happy. NOW the reality was in my hOld, I only felt that I was dusty with the dust of small coal, and that I had a weight upon my daily remembrance tO which the anvil was a feather. There have been occasions in my later life (I SUppose as in most lives) when I have felt for a time as 26. 27. The passage as a wh01e is best described as their elders a crlticism Of young people's ingratitude tO romance and glamor (D) a defense 0f a young man's longings for the harsh conditions of working class life a description Of a young man' s awakening tO emotional state an account Of a young reflections on hiS attitude an analysis Of the reasons behind a change in (E) (C) (B) (A) (D) blacksmith (E) grave digger (A) cook (B) forger (C) coal miner man has been apprenticed tO a lt may be inferred from the passage that the young & 0 0N T0 THENEXT PAGE

224 BuiId YO 聞加ねⅣ lunar ADJ. pertaining 10 the moon. Lunar craters can be plainly seen with the aid Of a small telescope. lupine ADJ. like awo げ . She wasterrified Of his fierce, /upine smile. lurid ADJ. wild; sensational. The ル行 d stories he tO 旧 shocked his listeners. lUSCiOUS ADJ. pleasing tO taste 0 「 smell. The ripe peach was /lJSCiOUS. luster N. shine; gloss. The SOft /usterof the silk in the dim light was pleasing. lustrous ADJ. shining. Her large and ル s な 0 し s eyes gave a touch Of beauty tO an otherwise drab face. luxuriant ADJ. fertile; abundant; ornate. Farming was easy in this ル xu 「后 soil. macabre ADJ. gruesome; grisly. The city morgue is a maca- わ「 e spot fO 「 the uninitiated. Machiavellian ADJ. crafty; double-dealing.l d0 not think he will be a good ambassador because he is not accustomed tO the åc わレ e / 佃 n maneuve 「 ings Of foreign diplomats. machinations N. schemes.l can see through your wilymach- inations. madrigal N. pastoral song. His program Of fO 賑 songs in- cluded several madriga/s which he sang t0 the accompani- ment Of a lute. maelstrom N. whirlpool. The canoe was tossed about in the mae/strom. ・ magnanimous ADJ. generous. The philanthropist was most magnanimous. magnate N. person Of prominence 0 「 influence. The steel magnate decided tO devote more time tO city politics. magniloquent ADJ. boastful, pompous.ln their stories Of the trial, the reporters ridiculed the magni/oquent speeches Of the defense attorney. magnitude N. greatness; extent. は is difficult tO comprehend the magnitude Of his crime. maim V. mutilate; injure. The hospital could not take care Of all whO had been wounded 0 「 maimed in the railroad accident. maladroit ADJ. clumsy; bungling.ln his usualma/adroitway, he managed tO upsetthe cart and spill the fOOd. malaise N. uneasiness; distress. She felt a sudden vague ma/aise when she heard sounds at the d00 「 . malapropism N. comic misuse Of a WO 「 d. Mrs. Warren's funniest ma/apropism occurs when she accuses Skitterby Of being "a snare and an Andalusian. malcontent N. person dissatisfied with existing state Of af- fairs. He was one Of the few ma/contents in Congress; he malefactor N. criminal. We must try to bring these ma/efac- The witch uttered ma/edictions constantly VOiced his objections tO the Presidential p 「 0 ー わ「 s tO justice. against her captO 「 s. malediction N. curse. gram. SO ADJ. malevolent ADJ. wishing evil. We must thwa 「 t his ma/e レ 0/e〃ー schemes. ・ malicious ADJ. dictated by hatred 0 「 spite. The ma/icious neighbor spread the gossip. malign \/. speak evil Of; defame. Because Of her hatred Of the family, she ma//gns all whO are friendly tO them. malignant ADJ. having an evil influence; virulent. ThiS iS a ma//gnant disease; we may have tO use drastic measures tO stop its spread. malingerer N. one wh0 feigns illness 10 escape duty. The captain ordered the sergeant tO punish all ma/ingerers and force them tO wo 「 k. mall N. public walk. The å″ in CentraI Park has always been a favorite spot fO 「 Sunday strollers. malleable ADJ. capable 0f being shaped by pounding. Go 旧 is a ma//eab/e metal. malodorous ADJ. foul-smelling. The compost heap was most 〃 7c? / 0d0 「 0 レ S in summe 「 . mammal N. a vertebrate animal whose female suckles its young. Many people regard the whale as a fish and d0 not realize that it is a mamma/. mammoth ADJ. gigantic. The mammoth corporations Of the twentieth century are a mixed blessing. manacle v. restrain; handcuff. The police immediately manac/ed the prisoner SO he could n01 escape. SO N. mandate N. order; charge. his inaugural address, the President stated that he had a mandate from the people t0 seek an end tO social evils such as pove 「 ty, P00 「 housing, etC, 引 SO V. mandatory ADJ. obligatory. These instructions are manda- わ , ・ any violation will be severely punished. mangy ADJ. shabby; wretched. We finally th 「 ew out the mangy rug that the dog had dest 「 oyed. maniacal ADJ. raving mad. His man/åca/laughter frightened IJS. manifest ADJ. understandable; c a 「 . His evil intentions were manifest and yet we could not stop him. 引 SO V. manifesto N. declaration; statement Of policy. This state- ment may be regarded as the manifesto Of the party's policy. manifold ADJ. numerous; varied.l cannot begin tO tell you how much ー appreciate your manifo/d kindnesses. manipulate v. operate with the hands. How d0 you manipu- /ate these puppets? manumit v. emancipate; free from bondage. EnIightened slave owne 「 S were willing tO manumitthei 「 slaves and thus put an end 10 the evil Of slavery in the country. marauder N. raider; intruder. The sounding Of the alarm frightened the marauders. marital ADJ. pertaining tO marriage. After the publication Of his bOOk on marita/affairs, he was Often consulted by mar- ried people on the verge Of d ⅳ 0 ℃ e.

Test 3/Section 4 521 4 : 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Each passage below is followed by questions based on its content. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis Of what is stated or implied in that passage. (This passage was written prior tO 1960. ) Of all the strange expenences that may await the astronaut, none will be quite SO strange, the experts agree, as weightlessness. ThiS phenomenon Will occur as soon as the spaceship reaches a speed at which the rocket's centrifugal force cancels the pull of the earth's gravity, and when it does, the space man, whether settling intO orbit or making for Venus or Mars, will know for certain that he has arrived in outer space. He will weigh nothing. The air in his cabin will weigh nothing. The warm carbon dioxide he breathes out, being no lighter than the air in the cabin, will not rise, sO he will have to exhale forcibly. Momentum, the force whirling the ship on its course, will rule its interior as well, and with possibly weird results. AII objects that are not in some way fastened down—a m 叩 , a flashlight, a pencil—will float freely, subjecting the space man tO a haphazard crossfire. If he were tO drink water from an ordinary tumbler, the water might dash intO his nostrils, float there, and drown him. Ordinary tumblers will not be used, however; plastic squeeze bottles will. (' 'The proper-size orifice isbeing worked out," I was told by Major Henry G. Wise, of the Human Forces Division, Air Force Directorate of Research and DeveIopment. ) Far more startling than the movements Of objects, though, will be the space man S own movements. Normally in making a movement Of any kind, a man has tO overcome the body's inertia plus its weight; a weightless man has only the inertia tO overcome, and the chances are that it will take a long time for his muscles to grow accustomed t0 the fact. 、 'What would be a normal step on earth would . . send the 、 stepper' sailing across the cabin or somersaulting wildly in the air, ' ' the Air University Command and Staff School study declares. 。、 A mere sneeze could propel the victim violently against the cabin wall and result in possible injury. 28. 29. 30. According tO the passage, weightlessness occurs when (A) carbon dioxide rises and displaces ordinary air (B) the rocket's centripetal force cancels the pull Of the earth' s gravity (C) the missile's trajectory escapes the range of the earth's gravity (D) the rocket's speed offsets the force of gravity (E) inertia equals the speed of the missile The author indicates that one task of the Human Factors Division Of the Air Force is tO (A) analyze warm carbon dioxide (B) ・ define the momentum of floating bodies (C) apply centrifugal force (D) reduce colds in the stratosphere (E) contrive appropriate devices for drinking The passage is most probably an excerpt from which of the following? (A) A proposal for an Air Force research project (B) A scholarly article for a technical audience (C) A chapter from an advanced physics textbook (D) A column from a popular science magazine (E) The memoirs of a pioneer astronaut 26. 27. The best title for this passage is: (A) MiracIes in the Air (B) New Scientific Frontiers (C) Overcoming lnertia (D) Momentum and Astrogation (E) Lack 0f Gravity in Space We may infer from the passage that in space inertia men must expend greater force tO overcome men weigh less than the air in the cabin a man may drown in the course Of sneezing centrifugal force (B) weightlessness will cancel the pull 0f unexpected dangers involuntary reflex movements may have (E) (D) (C) (A) Rumor is the most primitive way Of spreading stories—by passing them on from mouth tO mouth. But civilized countries in normal times have better sources Of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. ln times Of stress and confusion, however, rumor emerges and becomes rife. At such times the different kinds Of news are in competition: the press, television, and radiO versus the grapevine. Especially dO rumors spread when war requires censorship on many lmportant matters. The customary news sources no longer give out enough information. Since the people cannot learn through legitimate channels all that they are anxious tO learn, they pick up 'news" wherever they can and when this happens, rumor thrives. Rumors are Often repeated even by those whO dO not believe the tales. There is a fascination about them. The reason is that the cleverly designed rumor gives expression tO something deep in the hearts Of the victims—the fears, suspicions, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate tO voice directly. Pessimistic rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people wh0 repeat them are worried and anxious. Optimistic rumors about record production or peace soon coming point tO complacency or confidence—and Often tO overconfidence. & 0 0N T0 THENEXT PAGE

136 Reading Comprehension Question 1 When Asked tO Give the Meaning Of an UnfamiIiar Word, 0k for Nearby Context CIues. Every student whO has ever looked intO a dictionary iS aware that many words have more than one meaning. A common question that appears on the SAT tests your ability to determine the correct meaning Of a word from its context. Sometimes the word iS a common one, and you must determine itS exact meaning as used by the author. At Other times, the word iS uncommon. You can determine its meaning by a careful examination Of the text. AS always, use your knowledge Of context clues and word parts (Chapter 7 ) t0 help you discover the meanings Of unfamiliar words. One final question based on the Greene passage concerns an unfamiliar word. Here iS the paragraph the word appeared in. A Huguenot, as used in the passage, is most likely (A) a person dying of exhaustion (B) a doctor angered by needless suffering (C) an admirer of the Roman aristocracy (D) a city-dweller scornful of country ways (E) a puritan who suspects others of immorality What is a Huguenot? lt's certainly not an everyday word. You may never have encountered the term before you read this passage. But you can figure it out. A Huguenot is someone whO, when he thinks of Rome, thinks Of it in terms Of vice and lack of seri- ousness. He disapproves Of it for its wickedness and frivolity. Thus, he is a puritan Of sorts, a person whO condemns practices WhiCh he regards as impure or corrupt. The correct answer iS Choice E. LOOk at the words in the immediate vicinity Of the word you are defining. They will give you a sense 0f the meaning Of the unfamiliar wo 「 d. 、、 Well," sneered Perrot, 、、 any scandals from the big city?" Like a Huguenot imagining Rome 、 he built up a picture Of frivolity, viciousness, and corruption. 、、、 bush-folk live quietly. ' [ 0 驅 Strategies Are you a good reader? DO you read twenty-five or more books a year in addition tO those books assigned in school? When you read light fiction, dO you cover a page per minute? DO you read on ツ light fiction, or have you begun t0 read ・ 'heavy' books—books on science, politicaltheory, literary criticism, art? DO you browse regularly through magazines and newspapers? Faced with the above questions, students frequently panic. Used tO gathering information from television and radiO rather than from books,they don't know hOW t0 get back on the track. But getting back on the track is easier than they think. a 山 Read, Read! Just do it. There iS no substitute for extensive reading as a preparation for the SAT and for college work. The only way t0 0btain proficiency in reading is by read- ing bOOks Of all kinds. As you read, you will develop speed, stamina, and the ability tO comprehend the printed page. But if you want tO turn yourself intO the kind 0f reader the colleges are looking for, you must develop the habit Of reading—every day. 25 B00ks a Year Suppose you're an average reader; you read an ordinary b00k at about 300 words a minute.ln 20 minutes, hOW many words can you read? SiX thou- sand, right? 旧 a week Of reading 20 minutes per day, how many words can you read? Seven days, 42 , 000 words. NOW get out your calculator.ln 52 weeks of reading 20 minutes per day, how many words can you read? That's 52 times 42 , 000 , a grand total of 2 , 184 , 000 words! NOW here comes the hard part. Full-length books usually contain 60 , 000 t0 100 , 000 words. Say the average b00k runs about 75 , 000 words.lf reading 20 minutes a day you can read 2 , 184 , 000 words in a year, how many average, 75 , 000- word books can you read in a year? The answer is a little over 29. Twenty-nine books in a year. SO don't panic at the thought of reading 25 bOOks a year. Anyb0dy can find 20 minutes a day, and if you can dO that, you can read over 25 books a year. The trick is always tO have your book on.

508 12. 13. 14. 16. 17. Seven ModeI SATS A picture in an art museum is 6 feet wide and 8 feet long. If its frame has a width of 6 inches, what is the ratiO Of the area Of the frame tO the area Of the picture? 5 5 (D) (E) 1 TO indicate on a circle graph that ー of a graduating class is going tO college , how many degrees should there be in the central angle of the portion drawn tO represent this group? (A) 36 (B) 40 (C) 72 (D) 80 (E) 144 18. 19. 20. 22. 23. 24. 25. ln triangle CDE, CE > CD, P0int A bisects side CD and point B bisects side CE. Which 0f the following is true? (A) CB > CA (B) CB = CA (C) CB く CA (D) CB = AD (E) AD = BE After reaching a 10W of ー 16 。 F at 1 1 p. M. , the temperature began nsing an average Of 3 。 an hour. What was the thermometer reading at 2 A. M. ? Potassium nitrate is composed Of 39 parts Of potassium, 14 parts 0f nitrogen, and 48 parts 0f oxygen. What is the percentage Of potassium in potassium nitrate? (A) 14 % (B) 39 % (C) 45 % (D) 48 % 0 4 0 (E) 62 % lf—十一十一 23 , then ) ln the figure above, 4 , わ , and c are in the ratio of 1 : 3 : 2. The value of わ is (A) 30 (B) 50 (C) 60 (D) 90 (E) 120 If (E) what is the value Of x? A minor league baseball team plays 154 games in a season. On a certain date a team has won 40 and lOSt 20 games. HOW many Of the remaining games must the team win tO finish the season winning approximately 65 percent 0f the games? (A) 60 (B) 80 (C) 90 (D) 94 (E) 100 If the registration of a schoolincreases from 300 tO 1 200 , what is the percent of increase in registration? (A) 30 % (B) 40 % (C) 75 % (P) 300 % (E) 400 % (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 9 (E) 12 For a 9-week period a woman working 5 days per week earned $ 454.50. What were her earnings per day? (A) $ 9.90 (B) $ 10.00 (C) $ 10.10 (D) $ 11.00 (E) $ 1L10 ln 43 ounces of sulfanilamide there are 8 ounces of sulfur. HOW many ounces Of sulfur are needed tO make 172 ounces of sulfanilamide? (A) 32 (B) 32.4 (C) 33 (D) 40 (E) 41 x ー 7 = 0 and ) , 2 = 25 ; 耳 = (A) VSS (B) ー 35 (C) 士 35 (D) 35.7 (E) v/i 薺 On a trip a man travels at the rate Of 40 miles per hour for the first 100 miles and then averages 50 miles per hour for the next 100 miles. What is the average speed, in miles per hour, for the first 200 nåiles Of this trip? (A) 22.2 (B) 22.5 (C) 44.4 (D) 45 (E) 90 IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY €HECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST. S T O P

44. 45. 46. 47. 2 2 2 2 While in San Francisco, we should try and see as On the contrary, martial arts not only increase a many Of the famous places as possible. NO error concentration. NO error the development of perfect form and person's fighting ability, but aid also C impersonal treatment. NO error medical specialization leads tO B old-fashioned general practitioner; one feels that A growing number 0f medical patients long for the I advise you tO try tO become his friend because he the committee that will decide this case. NO error may be very helpful and because 0f his position on 2 48. 49. 50. Test 6/Section 2 667 2 2 2 2 2 Until recently, sun worshippers thought that a deep tan was healthful; now it is evident that suntans can cause Skin damage. NO error Many people smoke; some 0f them whO smoke heavily don't realize they are addicted until they try tO 1 -. g 旦 and quit. NO error tO newspapers because 山旦 Y get the highlights, Some sports fans prefer watching the news B C without having tO search for the information. NO error IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST. S T O P

S01ving Verbal Problems 369 Work Problems ProbIems involving time spent working often require the use Of fractions. For example, a student who has 4 hours of homework does ー of his task when he works 1 hour. A simple formula to remember is: Each day Ms. Jones does of thejob. ln 3 days and then does another - ー while working she does with the helper. If x is the number of days the helper would take t0 d0 the j0b alone, then he does 1 ー each day and ー in 5 days. The sum 0f these fractions must equal 1 , since the jOb was completed. 5 3 LCD = 50 十 5x + 3. 10x 3 Time spent working Time required to do job Fractional part OfjOb done 5 Examples ■ man can paint a room in 6 hours 、 His son can paint the same room in 8 hours if he works alone. HOW long will ⅱ take the man and his son to do the jOb if they work together? Let x = number Of hours it will take them to finish, working together. Then in each hour they complete 1 ー Of the job. This ー represents the ー that the man does and the ー that his son completes. ■ One garden hose can completely ⅱⅡ a portable swimming POOI in 80 minutes. Another garden hose can fillthe same poolin half the time. How long would it take to fill the po using both hoses? Let x = number of minutes needed to fillthe po 国 using b0th hoses. Then ー will be the fractional part completed in 1 minute. This represents the combined effects of the from the first hose and 80 1 1 1 十 LCD = 24X 24 = 4x 十 3x 3 7 1 一 8 from the second. the 40 1 一 8 8 っ 4 1 一 Q ズ 80 ー Ms. Jones can do a job in 1.0 days. After working 3 days, she hires a helper and the two complete the task in 5 days. How long would it have taken the helper tO complete the task alone? Practice Exercises 1. Mr. Lopez can do ajob in 8 days, and his son can dO it in 12 days. HOW long would it take them tO dO the job if they worked together? (A) 4.8 (B) 5 (C) 10 (D) 15 (E) 20 2. A and B can paint a barn in 3 days. A can do it alone in 5 days. HOW many days would it take B tO do this job alone? (A) 0.2 (B) 3.2 (C) 5.0 (D) 6.4 (E) 7.5 3. machine can cut some WOOd in 6 minutes, and a man using a hand saw can dO it in 】 8 minutes. After 4 minutes there is a power shortage and the WOOd must be cut by hand saw. HOW many minutes must the man work tO complete the task? (A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 14 (E) 18 4. Mr. Boone can do a job in 10 days. A helper joins him after 3 days, and together they work for 4 days tO complete the task. HOW many days would it take the helper to d0 the job alone? (A) 3 (B) 5 ー (C) 6 (D) 7 (E) 13 : 5. A pipe can flll a swimming poolin ん hours. What part of the P001 is filled in x hours? ん 工 (D) ん + x (E) hx 2 6. Three pipes are used t0 ⅱⅡ a po with water. One pipe alone can fill the POOI in 9 hours. Another can ⅱⅡ it in 6 hours. The third can ⅱⅡ it in 3 hours. How many minutes will it take t0 fill this P001 if all three pipes are used simultaneously? (A) 1.63 (B) 1 1 (C) 54 (D) 56.4 (E) 98 7. The secretary of a club can address the envelopes for a mailing in 40 minutes. Her younger brother, whO could dO the entire jOb alone in 1 hour, assists her. HOW long, in minutes, would it take tO address the envelopes if b0th work? (A) 0.04 (B) 0.4 (C) 8 (D) 24 (E) 50

480 S M 面可 SATS SOlve each 0f the remaimng problems in this section using any available space f0 「 scratchwork. Then decide which is the best 0f the choices given and blacken the corresponding space on the answer sheet. 引 . If the average of the ages Of three men is 44 years, and if no one of them is less than 42 years old, what iS the maximum age, in years, Of any one man? (A) 44 (B) 46 (C) 48 (D) 49 (E) 50 32. Ms. A owes Ms. お $ 70 , and Ms. B owes Ms. A $ 60. IfMs. A gives Ms. お a $ 50 bill, how many dollars in change should Ms. B give Ms. A? (A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 30 (D) 40 (E) 60 33. If a pipe fills a tank in ん hours, what part of the tank does it ⅱⅡ in 2 hours? (C) 2 ん (D) ん + 2 (E) ん一 2 2 34. Base RT of triangle RST is ー of altitude SV. If SV equals c, the area 0f triangle RST 2C2 2 (B) 5 2 28. If 2 〃 painters can paint 2 ん houses in 2 ル weeks, h0W many painters will be needed tO paint 4 ん houses in 4 ル weeks? (A) (B) 2 〃 (C) 4 〃 (D) 8 〃 (E) 16 〃 / ( 0 , 6 ) C B 0 29. ln the diagram above, AOB and 尸 C 召 are right isosceles triangles with equal areas. What are the coordinates Of point P? (A) ( 6 , 0 ) (B) ( 6 , 12 ) (C) ( 12 , 0 ) (D) ( 0 , 12 ) (E) ( 12 , 6 ) 2 2 5 4c 5 (C ) (D) (E) 5 30. If 7 pounds Of vanety 〃 tea is worth 5 pounds 0f vanety 9 tea, and 3 pounds Of variety 〃 tea is worth ズ pounds Of variety 4 tea, then the numerical value Of X iS (E) 4 5 2 (C) 2 ー (D) 3 ー 7 3 35. A man can row down a l()-mile stream in 2 hours and up in 5 hours. What is his average rate, in miles per hour, for the entire tnp? (B) 3 ー (C) 2 ー (D) 3 (E) 7 (A) 1 ー (B) ト IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST. S T O P

Test 2/Section 3 471 Directions: For each sentence in which you find an error, select the one underlined part that must be changed tO make the sentence correct and blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet. If there is no error, blacken answer space ). EXAMPLE: The region has a climate SO severe that plants growing there rarely had been more than twelve inches high. NO error D E SAMPLE ANSWER ④⑧・◎⑧ 46. Ⅱ you read the material quickly and then review it, one finds that the main idea is easily retained. NO error 47. Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman in space in June, 1963 , but this was 9 Y two years A B after Yuri Gagarin became the first man in space in ApriI, 1961. NO error Although I am willing to go along with your idea, I 41. cannot enthuse over itS chances Of success. NO error 42. If you plan to become an English major, Y_Q 旦 should learn grammar, read lots of books, as well as practicing your writing skills. NO error 43. Mark Twain may have published the novel To 川 (a) りで′ one hundred years ago, on the 0ther hand, his characters Tom and Becky still appeal to readers Of all ages. NO error Even though the meal ト under control, everything 48. depends upon them arriving on time. NO error C D 49. Some Of the solutions that businesses have proposed in order tO accommodate working mothers include flexible work hours, nursery centers, and allowing work rotation. NO error 50. seems rather ironic that while many Of astronomy's major events are ViSible in the 45. Despite the bright sunlight, you can scarcely see southern hemisphere, the largest telescopes have been located in the northern hemisphere. the birds because Of their protective coloration. D C NO error NO error IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST. 44. By breaking the world's record, the boys whom I predicted would win the contest have incredibly lived up tO my expectations. NO error S T O P