714 Seven M0deI SATS 40. The passage contains inforlnation that would answer which of the following que.stions? I. How does the elephant•s foragino affect its SlllTOllndinos? Ⅱ . How do the feeding patterns of gazelles and giraffes differ? III. What occurs in the rain forest when the elephant population dwindles? 1 (B) Ⅱ only (A) I only 1 (E) I, Ⅱ , and ーⅡ (D) Ⅱ and III only (C) ー and Ⅱ only 1 1 IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST. S T 0 P

Test 7/Section 2 717 2 2 2 2 22. Linda did 24 problems out 0f 25 correctly. ln the next test she did twice as many examples correctly but received a mark only half as good. How lnany problems were there in the second test? ( E ロ 00 5 , ( / = 6 23. For what values of 〃 and ( / is ー > 卩 (A) 25 (B) 48 (C) 50 (D) 75 (A) 5 (B) 6 (C) IO ( D ロ 5 (E) 20 HOW lnany were not accepted in this shiplnent? percent Of these parts were accepted as satisfactory. 24. ln a shimnent of 25 stereo connponents, only 80 2 25. 2 2 2 2 2 0 (A)A (B) B (C) C (D) D (E) E represents the point with coordinates ( 5.0 ) ? ference Of the circle with center 0. Which letter ln this figure. the lettered point.s Ⅲ℃ on the circum- IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST. S T O P

532 Seven Model SATs 6 6 6 6 6 6 There are exceptions tO the rule Of male insects being smaller than female, and some 0f these exceptions are intelligible. Size and strength would be an advantage t0 the males which fight for the possession Of the females, and in these cases, as with the stag-beetle (Lucanus) , the males are larger than the females. There are, however, other beetles which are not known tO fight together, Of which the males exceed the females in size, and the meaning Of this fact is not known, but in some Of these cases, as with the huge Dynastes and Megasoma, we can at least see that there would be no necessity for the males tO be smaller than the females, in order to be matured before them, for these beetles are not short-lived, and there would be ample time for the pairing Of the sexes. 38. According to the author, the traits of the male Lucanus include which 0f the following? I. BeIIigerence Ⅱ . Active intelligence III. Superior bulk (E) l, Ⅱ , and III (D) Ⅱ and III only (C) I and III only (B) III only (A) I only 6 6 6 6 39. 40. lt can be inferred from the name 、、 stag-beetles' ' that the members Of this species most likely (A) are warm-blooded mammals (B) are herbivorous by nature (C) have appendages that resemble horns (D) are as short-lived as their namesakes (E) take one mate for their lifetimes The paragraph preceding this one probably (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) discusses a generalization about the size Of insects develops the concept that male insects dO not live long after maturity describes the distinguishing marks 0f female lnsects discusses the role Of intelligence in male insects compares male and female sexual roles IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST. S T O P

Practice Exercises 303 21. Suppose * わ = c is true if and only if c is the remainder after is divided by わ . The value of 15. The approximate value of ・ V ' ・ is 3.87. Which of the following is the best approximation tO (A) 0.2 (B) 0.4 (C) 1.29 (D) 6.10 (E) 3.66 16. Which of the following has the greatest value? 10 * 6 22. If ( 0.4 ) ( ⅵ = 5 , then ( 4.44 ) ( ) ) = (A) 5.055 (B) 0.555 (C) 555 (D) 55.5 (E) 5.55 (C) 4 (D) 3 (E) 1 1 3 (A) (D) 0 (C) (B) 1 一 3 1 23. If what is the value of x? (A) 12 (B) ー 2 (C) 0 (D) 1 (E) ー 1 24. If 〃 > 1 , which of the following expressions decrease(s) as 〃 increases? 1 III. (A) III only (B) I and III only (C) Ⅱ and III only (D) all (E) none If ) and are consecutive integers and え 2 25. ) 2 , which 0f the following is true? (A) z = x + ) (B) ズ 2 1 + 2 ッ (C) ) 2 = ム + 1 (D) ぇ = (E) x = ) 十 Mathematics Exercise B 1. If the circumference 0f a circle increases from inches tO 2 inches, what change occurs in the area? (A) lt remains the same. (B) lt doubles. (C) lt triples. (D) lt quadruple s. (E) lt is halved. 3 (E) When x is 1 , 2 , 3 , or 4 , the expression ズ 2 十 x 十 17. 17 has the values 19 , 23 , 29 , and 37 , respectively. AII of these results are pnme numbers. What is the least positive integer that will not yield a pnme in the formula? (A) 5 (B) 7 (C) 11 (D) 13 (E) 16 18. The area of △ ABC 2 1 B ← 2 , 6 ) 2 C ( 1 , 3 ) / ← 5 , の 1 十 2x (A) 13 ー (B) 12 (C) 11 (D) 9 (E) 9 ー 3x ー 6 19. If ) = for what values of x will ) be positive? (A) x > 2 or x く 0 (B) only when x is positive (C) only when x is negative (D) ー 2 く x く 2 (E) ー 2 < x < 2 but not 0 20. ln ABCD, AD and BC are parallel. The length of 0 2. 31 ( 川一れ ) ー 32 ( 襯ーれ ) + ( 川一れ ) = (C) 0 (D) 1 (E) 襯 3. If 3x = 2 ) and 6 ) た , what is the ratio of 工 to z? (A) 2 : 3 (B) 7 : 9 (C) 3 : 2 (D) 5 : 7 (E) 5 : 3 4. If x must be greater than 4 , which of the following must have the least value? 4 4 (A) ズ十 1 4 BC = 22 。 (B) + 2 ) (D) ム十ッ X (E) 2x + 2 )

36 27. 28. 29. 30. A Diagnostic SAT 1 The passage mentions all of the following facts about Dytiscus larvae EXCEPT that they (A) secrete digestive juices (B) attack their fellow larvae (C) are attracted tO motion (D) provide food for amphibians (E) have ravenous appetites The author implies that in subsequent passages he will discuss (A) the likelihood of cannibalism among wolves (B) the metamorphosis of dragon-fly larvae into dragon-flies (C) antidotes tO cases Of Dytiscus poisoning (D) the digestive processes of killer whales (E) the elimination Of Dytiscus larvae from aquanums By digesting 、、 out Of doors" (line 34 ) , the author is referring tO the Dytiscus larva's (A) preference for open-water ponds over confined spaces (B) metabolic elimination of waste matter (C) amphibious method of locomotion (D) extreme voraciousness Of appetite (E) external conversion of food into absorbable form According tO the author, which of the following is (are) true Of the victim Of a Dytiscus larva? I. ltS intenor increases in opacity. Ⅱ . lt shrivels as it is drained of nourishment. III. lt is beheaded by the larva's jaws. (A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and II only (E) Ⅱ and III only 33. 34. 35. The voters never thought that the candidate would - tO Win; he seemed tO be -- -- man. resort tO - (A) charm.. an amazing (B) bombast.. a pompous (C) innuendo.. a devious (D) subterfuge.. an honest (E) argument.. a controversial As the increasingly popular leader 0f America's second largest tribe, Cherokee Chief Wilma - the myth that only Mankiller not only has - males could be leaders in American lndian government, but also has gained the - - of other tribal leaders. (A) shattered.. respect (B) perpetuated.. affection (C) exaggerated.. cooperation (D) confirmed.. loyalty (E) defied.. distrust Although he had spent many hours at the computer trying tO solve the problem, he was the - and first tO admit that the final solution was - - of his labor. not the - (A) trivial.. cause (B) incomplete.. intent (C) adequate.. concern (D) worthwhile.. fault (E) fortuitous.. result Each question below consists Ofa related pair Of words or phrases, followed by five lettered pairs Of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar tO that expressed in the original palr. Example : Select the word or set ofwords that best completes each 0f the following sentences. 31. 32. - and in full command of the He remained - situation in spite Of the hysteria and panic all around him. (A) impervious (B) imperturbable (C) impenous (D) frenetic (E) lackadaisical - failure 0f her laboratory Puzzling over the - experiment, the physics ma-lor seemed more - than was usual for someone Of her normally greganous disposition. 36. 37. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) violent.. exhilarated monetary.. extravagant temporary.. sociable unexpected.. withdrawn thorough.. composed YAWN : BOREDOM : : (A) dream : sleep (B) anger : madness (C) smile : amusement (D) face : expression (E) impatience : rebellion ④⑧・◎⑧ QUARRY : MARBLE : : (A) metal : silver (B) ore : gold (C) mine : coal (D) prey : rabbit (E) necklace : diamonds CHAIRMAN : GAVEL : : (A) conductor : baton (B) violinist : bow (C) orator : dais (D) teacher : blackboard (E) pianist : keys & 0 0 ⅱ 0 THENEXT PAGE

Test 1/Section 3 419 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. Peter Martin began to develop his own choreographic style, but he was able t0 free himself from the influence of BaIanchine. (A) style, but he was able t0 (B) style; but he was able to (C) style only when he was able to (D) style only when he is able to (E) style: only when he was able t0 lrregardless 0f the outcome Of this dispute, tWO nations will remain stauoch allies. (A) lrregardless 0f the outcome (B) Regardless of how the outcome (C) With regard to the outcome (D) Regardless of the outcome (E) Disregarding the outcome our Before considering an applicant for this jOb, he must have (B) Before considering an applicant for this j0b, he should have We will not consider an applicant for this job without TO consider an applicant for this job, he must have We will not consider an applicant for this job if he does not have (E) (D) (C) (A) investor. provide an excellent opportunity for the average To invest intelligently for the future, mutual funds With the onset of winter the snows began to fall, we were soon forced tO remain indoors most Of the time. forced tO remain indoors (E) the snows had begun t0 fall; we were soon remain indoors the snows began t0 fall, having forced us tO tO remain indoors the snows began tO fall: we were soon forced tO remain indoors the snows began tO fall; we were soon forced tO remain indoors the snows began tO fall, we were soon forced (D) (C) (B) (A) as three years expenence in the field. must have a degree in electrical engineenng as well Before considering an applicant for this j0b, he maJority alSO (E) lost not only the executive branch, but their majority (D) lost the executive branch, but also their maJ0rity also (C) not only lost the executive branchy but their majontY (B) lost not only the executive branch, but also its their majonty (A) lost not only the executive branch, but also Senate. branch , but also their majority in the United States ln 1980 the Democrats lost not only the executive (E) is gone to be read (D) is going t0 be read (C) are gone to be read (B) were going tO be read (A) are going to be read HaII by noted lrish actress Siobhan McKenna. Joyce's D ″わ〃れ , are Oin tO be read at Town 、、 Araby," along with several Other stories from 35. 36. 38. 37. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) TO invest intelligently for the future , mutual funds As an intelligent investment for the future, mutual funds lnvesting intelligently for the future, mutual funds TO invest with intelligence, mutual funds Having invested intelligently, you must determine that mutual funds She was told tO give the award tO whomever she thought had contributed most to the welfare of the student body. (A) t0 whomever she thought (B) to whoever she thought (C) to the senior whom she thought (D) to whomsoever (E) to him whom she thought Since he is lying the b00k on the table where it does not belong. does not belong. He is laying the book on the table where it it does not belong. (D) Since he is laying the b00k on the table where where it does not belong. (C) Because he is laying the b00k on the table does not belong. (B) He is lying the b00k on the table where it it does not belong. Since he is lying the b00k on the table where (E) (A) class and should be on the team. Mary is as fast as, if not faster than, anyone in her (B) (C) (D) (E) as fast as, if not faster than, anyone as fast, if not faster than, anyone else as fast, if not more fast than, anyone as fast as, if not faster than, anyone else as swift as, if not faster than, anyone & 0 0 料 0 THENEXT PAGE

399 43. 44. 45. 46. When this war is over, no nation will either be isolated in war or peace. (A) either be isolated in war or peace (B) be either isolated in war or peace (C) be isolated in neither war nor peace (D) be isolated either in war or in peace (E) be isolated neither in war or peace Thanks to the prevailing westerly winds, dust blowing east from the drought-stricken plains travels halfway across the continent to fall on the cities Of the East Coast. drought-stricken blowing east that is from the plains that 田℃ blows east that is from the drought-stricken plains and from the drought-stricken plains blowing east plains, that, blowing east from thé drought-stricken (A) blowing east from the drought-stricken plains (E) (D) (C) (B) fair play (E) not the champion of freedom only, but also fair play (D) not only the champion but 引 so freedom and fair play (C) the champion not only of freedom but also of fair play (B) the champion of not only freedom but a ト 0 of play (A) not only the champion of freedom but also fair scarcely anywhere else. among millions whO can see light and hope champion 0f freedom but also fair play, stilllives past, the tradition Of America, not only the However many mistakes have been made in our mlractllous cures (E) who has toiled alone hoping to discover mlraCtllOUS cures (D) who toil alone in the laboratory and discover mlraculous cures (C) toiling alone in a laboratory to discover IOIIS cures (B) tOiling in a laboratory and discovers miracu- mlractllous cures (A) toiling alone ⅲ a laboratory and who discovers idealized and glamorized. WhO discovers miraCtllOUS cures has been highly research worker toiling alone in a laboratory and Americans are learning that their concept Of a 47. 50. 49. 48. Practice Exercises ExamIning the principal movements sweeplng through the world: it can be seen that they are being accelerated by the war. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) Examining the prlncipal movements sweeplng through the world, it can be seen Having examined the principal movements sweeping through the world, it can be seen Examining the principal movements sweepmg through the world can be seen Examining the principal movements sweeping through the world 、 we can see lt can be seen examining the principal movements sweeping through the world The FCC is broadening its view on what constitutes indecent programming, radiO statlons are taking a closer Ok at their broadcasters' materials. constitutes indecent programming (E) The FCC, having broadened its view on what constitutes indecent programming Since the FCC is broadening its view on what constitutes indecent programmlng, as a result (C) The FCC is broadening its view on what caused constitutes indecent programming, has (B) The FCC, broadening its view on what constitutes indecent programmlng (A) The FCC is broadening its view on what (D) maintaining good relations with the police alSO. dedicated young lawyers but she has the task of has the responsibility Of supervising a staff of As district attorney, Elizabeth HoItzman not only (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) but she has the task of maintaining good relations with the police 引 SO but she a ト 0 has the task of maintaining good relations with the police but 引 SO has the task Of maintaining good relations with the police but she has the task tO maintain good relations with the police 記 so but alSO she has the task tO maintain good relations with the police Many politicians are now trying tO take uncontro- versial positions on issues; the purpose being tO allow them tO appealto as wide a segment 0f the vvting population as possible. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) issues: the purpose being tO allow them tO appeal lssues in order tO appeal issues, the purpose is tO allow them tO appeal issues and the purpose is tO allOW them tO appeal issues; that was allowing them tO appeal

( 8 の ( 7 の 26. 27. 28. 6 6 6 6 ln operant conditioning, the Other cate- gory 0f learning recognized by most behaviorists, animals learn a behavior pattern as the result Of trial-and-error expenmentation they undertake in order tO Obtain a reward or avoid a punishment. ln the classic example a rat is trained tO press a lever tO obtain fOOd. The experimenter sh 叩 es the behavior by rewarding the rat at first for even partial performance Of the desired response. For example, at the outset the rat might be rewarded simply for facing the end 0f the cage in which the lever sits. Later the expenmenter requires increasingly precise behavior, until the response is peffected. Early behaviorists thought any behavior an animal was c 叩 able Of performing could be taught, by means Of operant condition- lng, as a response tO any cue or situation. The passage is chiefly concerned with (E) (C) (B) (A) behavior explaining the processes that control innate classical behaviorists (D) disputing the hypotheses 0f Pavlov and other behavioral processes discussing hOW tWO differing theories explain and behaviorist psychology presenting a new theory tO replace ethology that Of other behavioral theories comparing the effectiveness Of ethology with because it behavior in replacing the egg is remarkable lt can be inferred from lines 26 ー 27 that the goose's (E) invalidation of the behaviorist approach settings (D) use 0f stringently controlled laboratory (C) rejection Of imprinting as a form Of learning (B) pioneering work studying instinctual behavior (A) studies Of the egg-rolling response in geese their The author cites Lorenz, Tinbergen, and Frisch for 6 29. 30. Test 5/Section 6 631 6 6 6 6 6 According tO the passage, behaviorist learning theories take intO account which Of the following characteristics Of animals? I. Their unconditioned •response tO certain fundamental stimuli, such as food. Ⅱ . Their ability to learn through being imprinted at an early age. III. Their tendency to shun negative stimuli. (A) I only (B) Ⅱ only (C) III only (D) I and Ⅱ only (E) I and III only ln exploring these tWO 叩 proaches t0 the study 0f behavior, the author does all of the following EXCEPT (A) define a term (B) point out functional parallels (C) refer tO an experimental study (D) illustrate through an example (E) settle an argument Select the word or set ofwords that best completes each 0f the following sentences. 引 . 32. 33. The solar system's long-term stability is so - - that, after proposing his theory Of gravitation , Newton him- self declared that periodic divine intervention was (E) perfect.. warrant (D) complex.. ignore (C) sacred.. diminish (B) fragile.. exacerbate (A) miraculous.. ensure needed tO - The usual solution proposed for the chronic - - of い ) (B) (C) (E) appears purposeful and intelligent is triggered by the egg refutes current ethological theories IS a response tO sign stimuli lasts for only four weeks affordable housing in America is to build new houses, often with Federal subsidies to - - the cost tO the buyer. (A) scarcity.. conceal (B) deterioration.. repair (C) excess.. eliminate (D) undersupply.. augment (E) shortage.. reduce Black women authors such as Zora Neale Hurston, originally -- -- by b0th white and black literary establishments tO obscurity as minor novelists, are being rediscovered by black feminist critics tOday. (A) inclined (B) relegated (C) subjected (D) diminished (E) characterized & 0 0N T0 THENEXT PAGE

According tO the passage, the earliest data support- ing the idea that the sea depths were dynamic rather than placid came from (A) underwater photographic surveys (B) the activities of the HEBBLE program (C) analysis of North Atlantic sea-bed sediments (D) direct measurement Of under.sea currents (E) models showing how hot and cold water interact 37. This passage most likely would be 0f particular in- terest tO (A) navigators Of sailino vessels (B) students of global weather patterns (C) current passengers on ocean liners (D) designers Of sea-floor structures (E) researchers intO photosynthesis 38. As defined in the passage, the second type 0f deep- sea sediment consists Of which Of the followino? I. Minute particles of rock II. Fragmentary shells III. Wind-blown soil (A) I only (B) Ⅱ 0 司 y (C)I and Ⅱ 0 用 y (D)I and III only (E) I, Ⅱ , and Ⅲ 36. Test 7/Section 4 727 (D) tentative (E) sentinnental (A) dispassionate (B) defensive (C) skeptical 40. The tone of the passage can be.st be described as (E) support a theory (D) propose a solution (C) give an example (B) referto a lnodel (A) approxilnate an alnount EXCEPT 39. ln the passage the authors d0 all 0f the following IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST. S T O P

2 36. 37. 38. S M 面可 SATs D. A. D. Choice B is incorrect. lt misinterprets the use 0f 、、 pitch" and 、、 key" in lines 2 ー 3. Choice D is incorrect. Elizabethan actors had tO dO more tO make the setting clear. Choice E is incorrect. Ⅱ is unsupported by the passage ・ Lines 9—10 state that "the whole of his atmosphere' ' came from the actors' language or 市記 og ″に . Choice A is incorrect. lt is unsupported by the passage ・ Choice B is incorrect. The actors did not 〃 / り , ⅵ c 〃 ) , provide the scenery; they g ″ ra 行リ el ) provided it. There was no actual physical scenery on stage. Choice C is incorrect. The actors had no actual physical scenery t0 shift. Choice E is incorrect. There is nothing in the passage tO suggest it. (Specific DetaiIs) The author sets up a hypothetical situation ( 、、〃、 Shakespeare needs any excuse for the exuberance Of language . ' ) and goes on tO explain.why Shakespeare's dialogue is mo 代 c 0 ⅲ and flamboyantthan its modern counterpart. ChOice B is incorrect. The author clearly admires Shakespeare and does not condemn hiS 、、 exuberance" as grave (serious) excesses. Choice C is incorrect. The author only touches on the modern stage in passing. ChOice D is incorrect. The author's purpose is tO explain something about Shakespeare's language 、 not tO draw a general contrast between him and modern playwrights. Choice E is incorrect. lt is unmentioned in the passage ・ (Main ldea) (Specific Details) synonyms). and scan the passage to find them ()r their in the passage, spot key words in the question Remember, when asked about specific details stationary わハ ' 円・わ′・ a ー & dolphins have backbones; neither of them are ChOice E is incorrect. Both lchthyosaurs and reptiles. breathing mammals (line 25 ) , not air-breathing ChOice C is incorrect. Dolphins are air- creatures. than s 〃 g ん〃、 , g 尾 a ′・〃 10 わⅲハ , than such stationary positions: dolphins have far more are coral-like forms that grow in fixed or Ch0ice B is incorrect. Brachiopods (line 17 ) reptiles, not modern mammals (line 24 ). Choice A is incorrect. lchthyosaurs are fossil 、、 wholly fishlike in form" (lines 25 ー 26 ). lchthyosaurs and dolphins are described as 39. 40. A. B. Section 2 1 . D. 0.3 % .x - = 2163 100 3 1000 The opening sentence states that the 0 〃〃 0 ⅵ Of adaptive divergence is an . expression Of evolution. '' ln Other words, ロ da 〃行 v に CO Ⅲで rg どれ c ど (the opposite Of adaptive divergence) is a manifestation Of an evolutionary pattern. The second sentence describes adaptive divergence as the process by which related organisms adapt tO unlike environments. lt alSO iS a manifestation Of evolution, the process by which a species develops its distinguishing characterlstics. ChOice B is incorrect. The passage shows how biological phenomena (fossils, coral individuals) illustrate or support the theory of adaptive convergence. ChOice C is incorrect. OnIy adaptive convergence deals with plants and animals adjusting tO a CO 川川 0 れ envrronment; adaptive divergence deals with their adjusting to れ〃た envlronments. ChOice D is incorrect. Brachiopods and pelecypods are mentioned only in connection with adaptive convergence. ChOice E is incorrect. Only adaptive divergence deals with compensatory adjustments tO ″れ / 汝に environments ; adaptive convergence deals with adjustments tO a CO 川襯 0 〃 environment. Remember, when asked about specific details in the passage, spot key words in the question and scan the passage tO find them ()r their synonyms). (Specific DetaiIs) NOte how the passage begins. 、、 The opposite Of adaptive divergence is interesting. Whereas . in the case Of adaptive divergence (X happens), . organisms exhibit adaptive convergence when (Y happens). '' The topic Of the passage is adaptive CO ′Ⅳ夜・ g れ c 巳 From the fact that adaptive convergence is introduced in terms Of adaptive divergence, and that little explanation Of adaptive divergence is given, you can infer that the author has previously informed the reader about adaptive divergence. When you are asked tO infer or reason about the contents Of the paragraph preceding the passage you re reading, pay particular attention tO the opening lines Of your text. = 721 , 000 3x = 2 , 163 , 000 = 2163 = 幻 63 (lnference)