dive , Edgar Beaver, the Catlips—roll out like streamers. Yet century caliph Harun al-Rashid , whO, in order tO reduce the Gatsby's parties were restrained compared with, say, the $ 200 - homesickness 0f a Greek slave girl he was fond 0f, built her an 000 picnic ” that T. C. and Phyllis Morrow 0f Houston threw exact replica 0f her home town, and populated it with thou- last December for 1 000 friends, including Farrah Fawcett and sands Of his own sub. 」 ec ts. Among the more picturesque was Ger- John TravoIta (who did not show), which featured a "country ald, Lord Berners , whO installed a piano in his ROIIS and ⅲ - disco band. ' ' The emphasis Of such fiestas is on the collecting vited a horse tO tea. U nhappily , such ingenuity is a thing Of the past—except Of people, whO if they cannot be owned outright may at least for the 0i1- we Ⅱ -0 Arabs whO, no matter what sniffy West- be rented. erners may think Of their taste, have at least restored adventure But what dO these verslons Of G 〃な come tO? After the tO money. A London Arab has redone his Regency bedroom in big house and the big garden and the big animals, parties and polyurethane clouds and stars that twinkle. He shows a sweet people, what dO most Of the world's big spenders announce? lmagination , if not a wild one. For the most part, however , the That they are bored. お 0 尾 d. The gods created men because rich Ⅱ ow disappointingly uniform patterns of spending. they were bored , said Kierkegaard , so evidently the rich d0 like- First they buy a house, a very big house, or two or ten. wise. They start out shimmying with hope and wind up hung These days it is a hardshi p even for the wealthy to build a man- over, believing with Baudelaire that the world will end by be- sion from the ground up, but they may always acquire one ready- ing swallowed up ⅲ an lmmense yawn. Their gard ens are Can- made. Jerry Buss, owner Of the LOS AngeIes Lakers and LOS dide's, not Eden's. Ever present at the creation, they find it Angeles Kings, has recently bought the legendary Pickfair (Will wanting, and ask for sympathy in their autobiographies. he rename it Bussfare?). lt has 22 rooms, which sounds a 10t for Does the world comply? A bsolutely. For all their crackpot a bachelor , but big spenders always en. 」 oy an abundance Of self-indulgences , the big spenders ought tO be razzed 0 仕 the rooms, even when those r001 れ S have no particular functions. earth. lnstead , the world takes them tO its heart , which brings Hugh Hefner and guests watching TV ⅲ the mansion Producer AIIan Carr ⅲ a relaxed po se at home lt is as if the room. s were cham- us back t0 the why. Perhaps because bers of the heart, and the houses their we find them sad, the way a huge child owners Obj ectified. Each room not only can be sad—frightening because Of its has a mood (blue , red) but also is one; 、、 = 、 unnatural size , but essentially sad nonetheless. lt is not that the rich are and the rooms that are rarely or nev- any sadder than the rest Of us, Of er entered are like secrets. The great OId houses are less like gothic castles course , but that they are SO surprised than gothic novels, laced with crook- at finding themselves sad at all. lt is ed passages and sudden stairs that add not that they are any more bored than controllable menace tO ensurable sur- the rest Of us, either, but that they go prise. More child's play still. Even the tO SO much trouble tO avoid being SO. temporary homes Of the rich, the SO- Then t00 there is the possibility called luxury hotels, are homes with a that our hearts go out tO these people because they suffer on our behalf. Most difference. The brand-new Palace Ho- tel in mid- Manhattan plans a library Of us merely dream nonsense , but the An opulent private jet made tO 0 「 de 「 that will contain 4 000 fake-fronted rich have to live it; and while we rare- books, thus creating what has tO be the largest fake-fronted ly endure the consequences Of our fantasies , they dO SO relent- bOOk collection ⅲ the country. lessly. Allan Carr, the co-producer Of G 尾 4 , reflecting on his After houses come gardens. A big house is one way to es- MaIibu dream house and his Beverly HiIIs mansion with its cop- tablish Paradise , but a garden, historically , is a more appro- per-walled disco chamber, exulted , "This is my fantasy . l'm priate place tO start. The childish 'What if' ' that envisions a dreaming all this. ” Then he added that he would kill anyone manslon iS not nearly SO ambitious as one that seeks tO trans- whO awakened him. WhO would think Of d0ing that? Thanks t0 plant cypresses from one SOil tO another ()s Hearst did in San the AIIan Carrs, all our harebrained desires are realized by Simeon) or tO display the rarest species. (After seeing LioneI proxy, like hiring a mercenary t0 fight ⅲ a war. Rothschild 's Japanese garden in London, the Japanese Am- Yet perhaps the most endearing virtue Of big spenders is that they are wonderfully entertaining. There is nothing like bassador was said tO remark: ' We have nothmg like this ⅲ them. If a conga line could be made up extending from Qin Shi- Japan. ” ) VersailIes, the model 0f gardening for SO many big spenders, must have had Eden as its model, as a place at once dis- huang and Elagabalus, through Hearst, the sh eiks and Allan ciplined and open-ended. That is the way the rich would have na- Carr, we would need no Broadway shows. lt is not just their poly- ture : apparently free yet under the thumb. They would have urethane clouds and disco chambers; it is their hilarious ln- their animals the same way, which is why they are Often at- nocence , their religious concentration on themselves. 、 Mhat tended by clawless panthers and gaga-looking bears. more , they rarely know hOW entertaining they are. Nero, for ex- First houses, then gardens, then animals, then man. The ample, when he entered his Golden House with its statue Of him- self, 120 feet high, and its prlvate lake, observed: 、、 At last I am rich cannot create man, but they can toss a party for him. NO pas- sage in T んビ G, 尾 4 ー Ga なわア is more strangely movmg than the list begrnning t0 live like a human being. ' Wh0 but a real trouper could have come up with a line like that? Of party guests; the silly, nursery-rhyme names—Clarence En- ーー 8 / Roge ′ Rose れ 0 ″ 59 TIME, DECEMBER 8 , 1980

ln a noisy inferno at Westinghouse's tO become more productive by being mometer plant at 98.6 Faichney Drive in lamp factory in Bloomfield, N. J. , a Uni- smarter, not by working harder. Watertown, N. Y. , a Unimation Mark Ⅱ This sense Of the robot as a helper mate 2015G robot performs a process is ⅲ charge Of the delicate task Of remov- rather than a menace iS Wid espread called "swagmg. ” This is somewhat like ing any air bubbles that may remain in among factory hands. Though robots are making spaghetti, but it is done with 21- the mercury inside a thermometer. ES- tablished ⅲ an isolated room, because Of highly vulnerable t0 sabotage , there has ⅲ . rods Of yellow tungsten , destined tO be- been no trace of the Luddite violence that come light-bulb filaments. The robot lifts the increased awareness Of the dangers threatened the first labor-saving ma- Of mercury poisoning, the robot takes a them 0 代 a conveyor belt and sticks them chines of the lndustrial Revolution. On int0 a blazing furnace ( 3 , 200 。 F) , then into boxful Of thermometers and lowers it intO the contrary , working with a robot seems a swagmg machine that stretches the rods a tank 0f h0t water ( 100 。 F t0 145 。 F), to confer status. And , while the mac hine until they have grown tO 37 ⅲ . ⅲ length then int0 a tank 0f cold water ( 40 。 F) , usually 100kS less like a man than like a and shrunk tO exactly .467 in. ⅲ diam- then intO a centrifuge that squeezes out lobster, itS human partners Often seem un- even the tiniest bubbles. Working with eter. Three workers, each Of whom cost tWO dozen different boxes, it performs its able tO resist g1Ving it a name and even the company $ 20 000 per year, used t0 lavishing on it a certain metallic affec- dO this very unpleasant labor with ⅲ - ritual three times on each box ⅲ the tion. When one machine known as "CIyde creasingly uneven results during their course Of a 394-step program that takes 7 % min. A simple routine , but it used tO the Claw ” broke down at a Ford stamp- eight-hour shifts. The robot does it flaw- ing plant in Chicago, its human partners lessly for 16 t0 24 hours a day. lt will pay occupy 13 employees, and now only one for itselfin 2 % years. gave it a get-well party. Chauvinism be- is necessary. Says Plant Manager M. ing what it is, most fac tory workers un- James Dawes: “ I tell our people we've got At the Chesebrough-Pond 's ther- ofclay a giant robot known as a go 厄 m. This figure, which came tO life when a tablet with a divine name, 訪ビ , was placed ⅲ its Some 「 0b0 ・聞 fo 聞 a mouth, was supposed tO protect the Jews from persecution, but れ d ・ cy tO chase girls, as ⅲ this some accounts claim that its masters tried tO use it for unwor- 、 sce 0 、 from a Universal film of ゝ 1S413 M 登 benign automata, thy purposes, and Others report that it turned upon its creators. TO almost all these versions Of the legend 0f the artificial 、 00 飛 e 「 clockw 0 \ from left: man there clung the aura Of evil. TO create a living being was Swiss robot of ーは 930 model GOd 's role ; tO imitate GOd was blasphemous, even diabolic, from 1932 し 0 don exhibit; 5 ね「 and thus doomed tO disaster. Hence Frankenstein. \ Ⅳ砿 $ good guy A 杙 00 00et00. The term robot comes 仕 om the Czech word for forced labor and was invented by Karel Capek and popularized ⅲ his "fantastic melodrama ” of 1921 , 犬 . し犬 . , which stood for Rossum's Universal Robots. These robots 100k and behave like people and work twice as hard, but since "G0d hasn't the least notion ofmodern englneermg, ” as Rossum's general man- ager puts it, the robots have been built without such imprac- tical attributes as feeling or a soul. First they d0 all the world 's work, then they wage all the world 's wars, then they rebel and destroy their makers. "You are not as strong as the ro- bOts, you are not as skillful as the robots," says the leader Of the rebellion. "I want tO be master. ' Just as there is a romantic tradition that robots are ln- herently diabolic creatures that will rebel against human con- trol, there is an equally romantic tradition that machines are inherently benign, symbols 0f progress and perfectability. lsaac Asimov epitomized that view ⅲ a famous story titled 犬 0 わわ ⅲ which a much mistrusted robot baby sitter Of that name res- cues its ward from a speeding tractor. Asimov then went 0 Ⅱ to formulate, ⅲ犬〃〃 aro 〃〃イ ( 1942 ) , what he decreed t0 be, ⅲ the world of science fiction at least, the Three Laws Of RO- botics: “ 1 ) A robot may not injure a human being, 2 ) A robot must Obey the orders glven it by a human bemg except where such orders would conflict with the First Law, 3 ) A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. An admirable theory, but the whole tradition 0f the de- monlc robot assumes that when a metal creature feels im- mortal longmgs, no mere law can rein him in. Arthur C. Clarke 0 demonstrated that ⅲ 20 似 . The computer HAL れ 0t only OP- erates the space ship and talks in a supercilious tenor but is SO exalted by its own superiority ()l am incapable Of making an error ” ) that it starts killing the astronauts wh0 interfere with its plans. ln a 1976 MGM effort titled De 川 0 〃 S イ , a pre- sumptuous robot goes even further and fulfills the sinful am- bition Of making Julie Christie pregnant. But then came & の・ Ⅲ 4 ⅲ which the cutely diminutive Art00 Deet00 and See Threepio help tO rescue the imprisoned Princess Leia. Thus HoIIywood found ways t0 reduce Frankenstein's heirs t0 fig- ures Of camp, reproducible ⅲ plastic. lnside their wired metal brains, the robots nourish greater ambitions than that. 0 55 TIME, DECEMBER 8 , 1980

日「 e fighters near hard-hit Sa れ Bernardino are silhouetted against a fire 5t0 「 m fanned by w ⅲ社 5 that gusted up t0 90 m•p. h• ? 、 The Winds of Autumn 犬 ag 加 g わ翔五幻“ 0 尾ん SO ん翔 C 記び 0 翔 ashed by h0t , howling desert winds , they are such a seasonal feature ⅲ Southern California that fire omcials give them names , 1 ⅸ 0 hurricanes. This week “ Thunder,' ' "lndian Truck, ' ' "Lakeland ” and five other brushfires consumed 84 , 000 acres Of hillsides and canyons ⅲ the region. OnlY a week earlier, 63 000 acres near Los Angeles had been blackened. The worst Of the brushfires was “ Panorama , ” and it certainly ゑ lived up tO its name. ln its panorarmc sweep the fire burned out 23 , 000 acres ⅲ San Bernardino County, the area hardest hit by the flames. Started by arson, the fire storm burned down the hill- sides int0 the San Bernardino suburbs, then back up through Wa- Burned-out North Park (above); family si 代 5 whatis 厄研物・ⅳ home terman Canyon. ln amuent North Park, a roanng wall Of flame incinerated wh01e blocks Of expensive houses, leaving nothing but ashen rectangles and soot-covered swimming P001S. Four died : an elderly couple whO perished as they tried tO save a pet, and two 0ther people wh0 died 0f heart attacks. Some 7 000 fire fighters were struggling tO contain the flames, sometimes battling winds gusting up t0 90 m. P. h. At week's end theirjob was not yet finished. The day after Panorama roared through San Bernardino, MaiI Carrier Kathy H011and stopped her Jeep at a charred and empty 10t on Sepulveda Avenue. "GOd, that one's gone t00 , she sighed, as she returned yet another packet Of mail t0 her pouch. An engmeer whO came back t0 sift through the ashes 0f his home found his Thanksgiving turkey, frozen before the fire, charred tO a crisp ⅲ the freezer. Another victim, Tony Mar- zulIO, attempted tO salvage humor from tragedy by sprayrng a For SaIe—Cheap S1gn on what used t0 a freezer and prop- ping it up on what used tO be a front lawn. "You have tO make a jOke about it, " he said a bit unconvincingly. When the fires are finally out, another danger looms. With- ⅲ the month, winter rains are expected. This year they will de- scend 0 れ barren, burned-over hillsides and dry creek beds with no vegetation tO slow the flOW Of the water. Homes that es- caped the fires may yet succumb t0 the floods and mud slides that are as regular a feature Of winter ⅲ Southern California as TIME, DECEMBER 8 , 1980 the fires ofautumn.

Cinema tor icons; they must learn not tO break La- sent. The 市 ree jugglers—Gruault, Res- borit's codes of behavior but to understand nais and Laborit—work ⅲ perfect sync, The Brain Game them. ln the end, the good doctor wins. perhaps because their own pasts have pre- As the characters conceal themselves pared them for this challenge. Gruault's MON ONCLE D'AMERIQUE ⅲ their codes and inhibitions, only tO re- scripts have Often described characters D 耘イの / 耘加犬 e 砌 4 な veal themselves as we get tO know them, dominated by their emotions or bY the SO does the film. Resnais, a past master whim ofthe histoÅcal moment. And noth- of cinematic sleight 0f hand, has 0ften tak- mg could 。 more natural than that Res- en a story and stylized it, juxtaposed im- nais, films have played with the / ″ん , c 耘なイ 0 ル広 T' 2 必 ages, shumed the sequence Of tenses. He real and imagined past ⅲ a medium that / 0 ′、 04r course 0 ん″ーれ behavior, we is an acute analyst Of human behavior, lives ⅲ the eternal present, should make 2 尾がイねん住肥市加 gu なん e イ an Henri Laborit of the cinema. Resnais a movie based on the work 0f a biologist g 〃なルん 0 ⅵ″ 2 加 2 c 住れイイ襯 - begins MO 〃ひ with a sh0t 0f what who declares that "a living creature is a 0 な 0 雇 0 ル 0 ア住れ、み ra 加 de- 100ks like a collage 0f 120 picture post- ー e, ′″ $ ″ー ac 0 The e ″死 ar WilI memory that acts. cards; at the end of the film when we see ⅲ the memory ofevery liv- たイ 6 ァ Dr. . レわ 0 the 2 the collage agam, 、 realize it compnses ing thing, and reinforced 仕 om the ear- アんア c れ 2 イなー w ん 0 んイ 4- 120 scenes 仕 om the lives of our mar10- years by parental instruction and ex- イ the “尾 0 / ag e 加″ nettes. A brief scene of tension—Jean ample, are the codes that determine how 襯住襯 2 なー 0 襯 w ん rats 42 roug ん leaving his wife, or René sparring with a that creature will act. At birth, as a 代 the 一んなイん財襯れ加 g TO 仕 om the most primitive part 0f his brain, business competitor—will be repeated lat- ″んな e んななⅵ所 $ c 0 the er ⅲ the film 仕 om a different angle, or a child knows the elements Of survival: ″ $ 0 / 舫 n on イ加 2e0 が , 驂ん住 - he must eat, drink and reproduce. His ear- ly ⅱ危 is 厄 d with the imposition 0f rit- uals: toilet traming, religious instruction, communication and compromse. By the time he is an adult, he knows Of the op 厄 play: how t0 dress and cook, shake hands, argue with a col- league, plead with a lover, break things break up, make up, attack, escape or with- draw. ⅲ each “仕 ' ' action, he is re- playing the st0 0f the race as stage- by an eons-old brain that wants simply tO survive and conquer. he stage manager 0fM0 れひ肥イ - 44 ど is Laborit himself. He provides the scientific narration and presides like a Shavian patriarch over the three fic- tional characters: Jean (Roger-Pierre), a director of the state radio network; René (Gérard lkpardieu), a textile executive; and Janine (Nicole Garcia), an actress NicoIeGarcia ⅲ解伽 cled m け e A ね R ・ 9i5 物 Rog - 円・ 0 turned whO has D れ 4 code 0 / ”ル記 4 れイイ e. れ . 耘れ g ⅵ耘み ra なれイん 4 2 〃 0 0 れ & an affair with Jean and business dealings gag どイ所ど” ic 0 / 北 0 G 44 ″ , ルん 0 with René. As the characters unfold their with the participants wearing the heads んル′なセ襯ビ the 五 e 2 れイ 0 ⅱ危 stories 市 e ambitions and repres- of laboratory rats as badges Of their en- pro 2 な E c ん五一襯 0 / the 2 20 SIOns, 山 e and quirks—a curious slavement tO the primitive brain. ( 人 0 〃 ひ肥 never makes the intellectual's mis- ア ea な : Tr 〃 J and Jim イ The thing happens. They start slipping out 0f take of taking itself too seriously. ) The Wild Child; 4 ぉイ Les Carabiniers; I.. aborit's behavioral noose. Sometimes viewer is invited t0 identify with the char- れイ犬″加 The Rise of Louis XIV they illustrate his thesis; sometimes they T' ん″イ e 0 Ⅳんわ e 4 お川 6 d 6 ァ confute it. And Gruault and Resnais have acters, and then tO step back and appralse. A second, implied invitation is just as fun acting as subversive intermediaries Hiroshima Mon Amour, Last Year at the puppeteer and his willful clear: that the viewer step back 仕 om him- Marienbad 2 れイ La Guerre Est Finie. marionettes. selfand take a long, COO Ⅱ 00k. As Jean, Janine and René come to Resnais, Gruault and the trio of main 4 , み町一″ e 肥ア 0 ⅵ″五〃 d the ex- ⅱ危 on-screen, they come tO share many actors the radiant Nic01e Gar- ク e ′ c e れな 2 加ー〃 ga Ⅳ e ″ 2 加な 4 ⅳ e. things: a t0 literature, cia) bring to eccentric, amusing ⅱ both a driving ambition, even a tendency tO the theory and the characters. Every brief in thiS film mosaic resonates f every lecture were as think ⅲ times of crisis, of their favorite lucid and entertaming as Mo れひた French movie stars. And each character with some lovely detail of personality or イ襯〃 e ーー and if every film were as about a legendary 'hancle ⅲ Amer- performance, 0f sound or lmage. The ica, ” who made a success of himself ⅲ film's structure maybe complex that it witty and well crafted—our co Ⅱ 0g3 would filled with scholars and 0 mov- 山 0 New World and hovers over them like demands more than one uewing, but any ie theaters with works of a . What may a guardian angel. This uncle is the ideal intelligent moviegoer should find enough 18k at first like a film experiment as dry parent, whO gives them what they want humor and pathos t0 keep him ⅲ 0 dust on a neglected library shelf 仕 om running out tO buy 内 orn or a text- and tells them what they want to hear. turns out tO 。 a spectacular juggling act: The movie star is the ideal self, wh0 fights ・ k. ln its respect for the subject, the of dæumentary and fiction, analysis and for what he wants and gets it. But the characters and the movie audience, ルー 0 〃 creativity, determinism and free will real world is never ideal. TO 部 ow up, they ひたイ 94 ど is by far the best film of comedy and tragedy, the past and the pre- must Ⅱ their American uncles and ac- the year. TIME, DECEMBER 8 , 1980

George 5 加 bb ゞ村 0 e ドけ ?g わね ed ya 0 f 「 om ー物 e 村 0 「 se 加は man's best friend, but es they brought with them. The Aztecs and as these examples prove , the horse has lncas had never seen been a far more ln- such marvelous crea- splrmg subject for tures, and they fled painters. from the men who rode them , assummg $ 39-95- $ 55 that they must be Everyone whO demigods. The terror has stOOd on its rim may have been exag- has wondered what gerated, but it is un- titanic forces formed derstandable: man- the Grand Canyon , a kind has always been me け ca ' 5 府耘 0 ョ ds mile-deep chasm 0f ⅲ awe of that dumb water-carved cliffs and wind-sculptured but somehow articulate animal. JOhn Baskett's The Horse in Art ( N どル / の・ん buttes. Readers of Ron Redfern's Corri- do of Time ( 川召 00 ん 798 age $55) G 川 2 ん c Soc 760 24g , ・ $ / の is a will wonder no longer. Filled with pan- chronicle 0f that remarkable relationship, oramc vistas and illuminated by a cr1SP with magnificent examples Of equine art, text that entertains as well as it explains, from the cave pamtings Of Lascaux, circa CO な / イ 0 reveals how the combined pow- 10 000 B. C. , to Picasso. The dog may be [ eoTo toyf 「 omP わ otog わ 5 ′ 0 「曲 e な a 「 The panoramic sweep Of a ね a dam at Toroweap, Grand Canyon, from CO な idO 「 5 0 ′ Time Toucan from ど d Ⅳ a こ e 砿 ' 5 8 耘 ds

Books nachs still hang ⅲ their country. fect vellum copies ofthe Gutenberg Bible, The fierce, splendid land between luminously decorated B00ks 0f Hours, lran and lndia has always tempted con- Orientalia including the oldest known querors : Genghis Khan, Tamerlane and printed artifact (). D. 770 Japanese scores Of Others preceded last year's SO- prayer panels) , and the graceful callig- viet invaders intO Afghanistan. But the raphy Of ancient copies 0f the Koran. The Library's collection Of American tribesmen there have proved tO be as re- sistant as their terrain—from the desert memorabilia is represented by 01d ph0- tographs, prints, posters, early motion Of ・ imruz, where were once con- demned tO death for stealing water, tO the pictures and the contents Of Abraham formidable barrier of the Hindu Kush, Lincoln's pockets on the evening Of his which forms the dividing line between assassination : tWO pairs Of spectacles (one Southern and Central Asia. Roland Mi- mended with string) , a button inscribed chaud , a French photographer, and his with the letter ム a gold watch fob, a hand- kerchief, a pocketknife and a billfold wife Sabrina spent 14 years ⅲ Afghan- istan (through 1979 ). ln Afghanistan ( / のト that contained 01d newspaper clippings d0 川 4 〃 ag / 〃 2 $ 45 ) , they have mem- and , for some mystifying reason , a Con- orably recorded the country's ancient life : federate $ 5 note. ln the museums Of Europe, East and the dervishes, the bazaars, the teahouses, the huge rolling West, they glow from the wall with dunes , the nomads' an unmistakable ⅵ - black leather tents vidness: altarpieces, like bats against the dun-colored hills. lt portraits Of princes ノ iS a dreamscape and burghers and を ethereal nudes. that , once seen , can- not be forgotten. They are the works Teddy bear cactus in Ⅳ″″ 0 ′ the Dese 5 ofthe Cranach fam- Edward Lear, ily, principally Lu- who died ⅲ 1888 , er of the Colorado River, the wind and the movements of the earth carved the cas the Elder and is best known tO fantastic stone formations and , in the pro- modern readers for Lucas the Younger, cess, exposed the geologic strata. They can his limericks and whose gemus re- now be read as if they were pages from flects the richness nonsense verse . the earth's autobiography. and turbulence of But contemporanes The Treasury of the U. S. stands at knew another side the 16th century. ln one end Of PennsyIvania Avenue. At the Cranach: A FamiIy Mir6's Woman'sHeadfromAvant-GardeArt ofthe man. Lear de- 0ther end—on Capit01 Hill—looms the voted his early ca- of Master Painters 伊〃 4 , ・ 476 24g , ・の , Art Historian Library Of Congress. There, says HistO- reer tO producing detailed paintings Of rian, Social Critic and Librarian Of Con- Werner Schade shows how and why their birds, and his pictures , collected by Su- gress Daniel J. Boorstin, one 。 'can discov- likenesses 0f Luther and 0ther leading san Hyman in Edward [ e ' 5 Birds ( ノ VfO た er the spiritual , traditional wealth Of our reformers remain the prevailing lmages row; 96 ア ag , ・お 7.95 ) , belong on the same nation, the wealth we inherit from all the tOday. Much Of their work was designed shelf with Audubon's. The line drawings world. ” Treasures of the Library of Co れ g 祀 s 5 tO glorify the new money as well as the and sketches that accompany them shed by Charles A. Goodrum わ ra 襯 378 new faith. SO, without ideological pre. 」 - new light on the man himself. Many art- 24g , ・おの mounts a rare sampling 0f udice, did the East German printers Of ists have used birds t0 lampoon their fel- books and artifacts from the institution's this sumptuous bOOk , whO were surely 10W men. The owlish Lear used them to shelves and vaults: one Of the three per- mindful that many Of the finest Cra- caricature himself. During all the years Of his exile after the Bolshevik revolution , Vladimir Na- bOkOV obsessively sought tO recapture 、、 a Russian something that I could inhale / but could not see. ' ' There are glimpses Of that Russian somethmg ⅲ Photographs fo 「 the Tsar ( D / 記 , ・ 274 20g , ・ $35), the best Of the color shOts that the chemist and phO- tographer Sergei Mikhaiiovich Prokudin- Gorskii began taking ⅲ 1909 at the be- hest Of Tsar Nicholas Ⅱ . Having fascinated the Romanovs with a color slide show at the court at Tsarskoe Selo, Prokudin-Gorskii gained an imperial commlssion tO record the art and people Of the Russian Empire. He traveled wide- ly in a private railroad car outfitted with a darkroom. HiS pictures are no 、 Malker Evans tour Of Russia's huge brute pov- erty. ln the warmly glowing but prlml- tive colors Of his still rudimentary art form, Prokudin-Gorskii celebrated the village life and gilded ecclesiastical mag- nificence Of a Mother Russia that Tsar Nicholas imagined un- changed forever. TIME, DECEMBER 8 ヨ 980 Sym 〃わ 0 ” y 加Ⅳわ社 0.3f 「 om ーわ eP ョ加 t 加 g50 ′ mes 解 CN 可″″ S 〃 e 「 ミ ごノ 62

Toe to Toe The Presidency / Hugh Sidey D 〃ね / イど〃 0 〃 G. 0 ア . Ready to PIedge AIIegiance ver since Arizona Republican JOhn Rhodes, 64 , announced a year ago onald Reagan will not only be "chairman 0f the board ” 0f the U. S. ln a that he would not seek another term as sense, he will lead a kind 0f multinational enterprise the likes 0f which this House G. 0. P. leader, a behind-the-scenes world has never lmagined. From TOkyo tO Turin, business executives whO have battle has been taking place tO determine helped fashion economies heavily dependent upon international trade gave their his successor. The contenders: Robert Mi- support tO Reagan, not a few Of them halfjesting that they are SO bound tO the chel Of lllinois and Guy Vander Jagt 0f U. S. that they should be allowed tO vote. Now they wait with h0 内 and con- Michigan. Though b0th men are Mid- siderable caution for an executive reorganization ⅲ the 、、 home omce" ⅲ Wash- ℃ sterners and conservative R. eaganites, ington that, with luck and a bit 0f wisdom, could become a P0tent force for their personalities and leadershi p styles mo 代 prosperity throughout the world—and for peace as well. are vastly different. Michel is "Mr. ln- For quite a while now the bright young men Of the State Department have side, ” an affable master ofbackstage com- seen the potential 0f the multinational free marketplace. They have urged that promise and consensus. Vander Jagt iS the U. S. , the godfather Of this commercial era, d0 all it could t0 nurture mul- 、、 Mr. Outside," a fiery champion Of mus- tinational corporations, tO bring in the Third World and its resources and even cle and confrontation. The outcome could tO entice Communist countries tO take part. The idea was simple: get a number sha pe the way business is done ⅲ the Of nations interlocked ⅲ retrieving raw materials, manufacturmg goods and dis- House for years tO come. tributing products, and the peop 厄 wh0 d0 this work and prosper from it will Michel , 57 , whO has represented the form a powerful influence within each country fighting against any disruption peoria area for twelve terms , has been 1 れト Of the system by political elements. lt is more diffcult for radicals tO seize nority whip, the NO. 2 Republican lead- mmes, bomb factories or interrupt shipping when they know their own eop 厄 er, since 1975. A veteran ofcountless floor have an interest ⅲ keeping these activities going. battles, he is a walking 犬 0 わ e な、犬〃 / 0 / lt is not all that easy, Of course. The internal competition among the ped- 0 ′・ d , well skilled in rallying congression- dlers is intense and the al colleagues tO party positions. Known scramble for resources still for his ability t0 work amicably with igmtes national passions. Democrats, Michel claims that only he But there is a civilizing could push the Reagan Administration theme that runs through the program through a House ⅲ which the ranks 0f the peop 厄 wh0 opposing party will have a 51 -vote ma- lead world commerce. They jority. "l've made a point t0 have friends abhor war, they have a rrs- on the Other side," says Michel. "When ing sense Of their obligation our position iS sound and well reasoned , to help less developed soci- we'll get Democratic votes. eties and, in most cases , Vander Jagt, 49 , represents the New they see that self-restraint Right at its most combative. "The Dem- and cooperauon are essen- ocratic leadership has tO chastened by tial tO provide the neces- the voters, ” he says. A former preacher, sary stability tO make it all attorney and television newscaster in western Michigan, Vander Jagt was first work. Despite its current elected to the House in 1966 , and has problems, the U. S. remarns worked hard ever since tO increase the the prmcipal partner Of num ber Of RepubIicans ⅲ Congress. As the worldwide trading b18 , c hairman Of the party's CongressionaI European connection: Reagan and Germany's Schmidt and by a big margin. SO Committee , Vander Jagt has hustled coast President Reagan, ⅲ that respect, willbe President Ofall. tO coast raismg funds from corporate po- WhiIe wary and a bit wondering, executives abroad are hopeful, even en- litical-action committees, running schools thusiastic, about the stability and sympathy for their problems that a Reagan Ad- for candidates and campaign managers, ministration promises. They might not order the band tO play 〃″ the C ん / and spurring on Republican h0 ん ls. His for Reagan Just yet. But the new President would surely get a dO 代 Of their hats ac tivities helped produce a net gain Of 33 ——or even a toast 0fDom Pérignon—ifhe would more insistent that allied PO- RepubIicans ⅲ the House. litical leaders be firmer ⅲ meeting defense needs and cooperate more among The Reagan camp has remained stu- diously neutral. Vander Jagt was picked tO themselves, even as businessmen have learned tO dO. There was Heineken ()f the beer) ⅲ The Netherlands and R0thschild (of give the keynote address at last summer's the bank) ⅲ Great Britain and Lanvin ()f the perfume) ⅲ France and Agnelli Detroit convention, but Michel was ()f the automobiles) ⅲ ltaly, all Of varying language and dress and humor, but tapped tO sing the National Anthem. Mi- comrades-in-arms ⅲ their exotic adventure Of jets and ships and marketplaces. chel may have an edge because 0f his leg- lt is an astonishing expenence tO dine with this fratermty and learn that a Brit- islative skills; on the other hand Vander ish banker has spent the week ⅲ Char10tte, N ℃ . , where he guides a financial ⅲ - Jagt en, 」 OYS substantialloyalty among the stitution; a German economc expert has seen more Dallas Cowboys games 52 incoming freshmen, whO are grateful than most Texans ; an ltalian industrialist has supped with Henry Kissinger ⅲ for the advice and party funding they re- New York a few nights ago, and will see him ⅲ two weeks ⅲ the Bahamas. ceived through him. Many thoughtful eop 厄 believe that it is ⅲ this world that Reagan can Both men claim to hold the 97 votes most effective. If he can help show all nations that good business is not ra- (out Of 192 ) needed t0 win. "I don't count pacious but creative, if he can help dispel the adversary relationship between gov- them hard unless l've looked at them eye- ernments and commerce and found real partnership, if he can show that pro- ball tO eyeball and shaken their hands, ductivity is the result Of true social progress, then Reagan could preside over a says Michel. Says Vander Jagt: "l count a ⅱ面 that might bring mo 代 benefits for more people than anything we have vote hard when he 100kS you ⅲ the eye. seen ⅲ this century. The European branch is ready t0 try, and the home 0f- The battle will end next week when House Republicans meet eyeball tO eyeball for a fice seems tO have caught the spirit. secret ballot. TIME, DECEMBER 8 , 1980 第ゞ 29

N E 一 L LE 一 F E R ModeI BrinkIey aims fO 「 good exposure at the [ eo れ a 「 d -0 「 a れ match Gracie and Wa e 「レ z celebrate 40 woodpecked years searcher. The impromptu wed- don't want tO upstage my Animator WaIter Lantz and like Woody because he has no ding, attended by one friend brother. inhibitions , ' ' said Lantz at his his bride Gracie did not get and a Secret Service agent, bird's Manhattan birthday much sleep on their 1941 hon- seemed like the right thing t0 eymoon. Explains Walter, now party. “ If we did the things he What happened ⅲ the dO , ” said the groom. He ⅲ - 80 : "lt was this darned wood- does, we'd be arrested. ' eighth round was only techni- pecker. He made a terrible formed the elder Reagans a cally a K. 0. The real knock- few hours before, but, he ex- racket and ruined the roof of out at last week's fight between Attention, cookie mon- plained , "I didn 't ask my par- our cottage. ” Unable tO silence Roberto Duran and 5 g 砿 Ray the pest , Lantz made him im- sters, the secret iS out! Famous ents tO attend because they're Amos chocolate chip cookies mortal—by introducing the creature intO one Of his / 〃 dy are SO tasty (and SO very, very 24 れ da cartoons. “ Universal profitable) because W ツ Amos Studios told me I ought t0 have talks tO them. "I give them 、 Of encouragement,' ' he my head examined , ' ' he recalls. 、 'They said he's noisy, raucous, confides. For example: "Come obnoxious; never go. on, you guys, bake!" That strat- They were right , except on that egy has not only made Amos last や 0 ⅲ t. NOW in his 40th famous, but it has made his year, W00dy W00dpecker re- bakery a $ 250 million-a-year enterpnse in fewer than SiX mams a Star Of screen and tele- vision. Children 1 Ⅱ more than years. And now the Smithsoni- 60 countries recognize hiS an lnstitution has added some taunting five-note laugh frosting by representlng Amos —done for three decades by in itS business Americana C01- Gracie Lantz, now 77. People lection. ln a 、 Mashington, D. C. ceremony , Amos formally gave the Smithsonian his trademark Panama hat and embroidered ェ shirt, thus becoming the first entrepreneur tO lose his shirt わ eca 〃 he was ⅲ the chips. NO striped-pants mormng Just married: the freshly hitched Reagans match wedding day smiles sult for him. No Priscilla of [ eo れ砿 d ⅲ New Orleans: Cover Boston gown for her. NO Rose real busy now. ” The next Rea- Girl Christie BrinkIey, whO was Garden reception for either Of gan wedding may be more simultaneously posing for a elaborate. Maureen Reagan them. Just a short hop tO Man- —the President-elect's twice- fashion article ⅲ France's Elle hattan's supreme court for a civil ceremony, he in 」 eans and divorced daughter by Actress maganne and photographing Jane Wyman—quietly became the action for Fight Promoter red sweatshirt she ⅲ scarlet engaged ⅲ August tO Califor- Don King. The winner: her cowboy bOOts, black sweater nian De “ is RaveI. The couple is gold lamé paper 」 umpsult. "lt and slacks. Then it was back to mming for a California nuptial was like being wrapped in a the barre for Ro P. Reagan, Baggie , ” she said. Yet the ⅲ - 22 , a Joffrey Ⅱ dancer, whO has some time ⅲ March or April. But Maureen, 39 , insists on been rooming for more than a cendiary getup had more than waiting a week before maklng a few fight fans burning for a year with 00 「 ia PaImieri, 29 , a her plans public. Says she: 。 'I CaIifornia-born literary re- match. - ー B / 00u 砿 0 ″ 0 ″な Famous Amos with Wife Christine TIME, DECEMBER 8 , 1980 工 E M S EY—G A M M A 、 LI A 一 SO N

United States ley Smith , president 0f the Southern Bap- New Right on elections, its continued They have a potential tO hurt the people tist Convention, did say that "GOd AI- they claim they're helping. growth certainly could influence the po- mighty does not hear the prayer Of a Jew. litical balance of the U. S. Houston Poll- Even G. 0. P. Congressman Steven Symms, wh0 beat Church by only 1 % 0f ster Lance Tarrance thinks that the move- But Smith, who t00k no part in the elec- the vote , feels that the New Right turned ment has been "whittling away at the tion, has apologized for the remark and out tO be a 、 'wash. ” At first, he says, "they lower-class fundamentalist whites whO wants tO have a meeting with the Anti- Defamation League tO clear up the mat- put the incumbent on the defensive, but have always voted the way their dad- eventually people became indifferent tO dies voted—straight Democratic. If you ter. Fundamentalists emphasize the cen- them. They had no impact at the wire. cut this group out Of the Democratic CO- trality Of the Judaeo-Christian tradition The bottom line is that the same thing alition, it will really hurt. The effect 0f and many are fervent admirers Of lsrael. the Moral Majority not as great as is that elected Reagan elected me. ” Agrees Last month , Prime Minister Menachem Bayh : 、、 With a couple of points 0 代 the in- claimed , but more than its detractors Begin gave an award tO the Moral Ma- flation rate and a point 0 代 the unemploy- care to admit. ” Florida's Democratic jority's Jerry Falwell for his public sup- Senator Lawton Chiles, for one, does port of lsrael. FalweII insists that he hopes ment rate, we'd have made N ℃ . P. A. C. 100k like the size Of a pea. not believe that the evangelical tide tO recruit Jews, as well as Mormons, RO- CoIorado Senator Gary Hart believes has stopped rising: he is already pre- man Cath01ics and blacks, as his orga- his narrow victory shows that a Demo- paring for his election fight in 1982. nization builds for the future. crat can beat back a New Right chal- ln the wake of the election, liberals ln the coming years , as ⅲ the past lenge. “ I was not perceived as a knee- jerk ideologue, ” he says. "I did have a positive policy on defense. Olan has already named his targets 0 for 1982. Among them: Ted Kenne- dy, wh0 is gwen only a 6.5 % conserva- あⅡ t e Senator Donald Riegle with a 7.75 % rat- ing; and Ohi0's Howard Me レ enbaum with 8.25 %. But the group also includes some moderate and even hawkish Dem- ocrats: Texas' Lloyd Bentsen , New York's homes Pat Moynihan and Washington's Henry Jackson. Even a few Republicans have religioU3 made the list: Vermont's Robert Stafford, Rhode lsland's John Chafee , Connecti- pdltical r cut ' s Lowell Weicker. N. C. P. A. C. plans tO start an advertising campaign against the offending Senators as early as next March, and estimates it 内 1 will spend twice as much as in the past campaign. lt alSO intends tO spend more gr0UP time and money on House races; itS mem- bers are now searching the hustings for eanatjcs ? conservatives tO challenge incumbents. But in 1982 the New Right will find its opponents prepared. ' 'l'm not surprised mocra tO be on N. C. P. A ℃ . 's list, ” says Kennedy, "but l'm not intimidated either. l'm 100k - ing forward tO the campaign. ” Says Jack- son: 当 just laugh. I get on all kinds 0f lists. MOSt Of the time l've been on the election, overzealous leaders Of the New are attacking the religous groups Of the lists 0f the far left. Now I 'm right ⅲ the New Right for violating the separation Right may turn out tO be their own worst middle, where politicians strive tO be. ' Of church and state, a position they never enemies. SCOffs 、 Mi11iam Sweeney, exec- Missouri's EagIeton, whO was also tar- utive director Of the Democratic Congres- t00k, incidentally, when liberal clerics geted but won re-election handily, be- sional Campaign Committee: "l give were engagmg in political activity ⅲ the lieves that N ℃ . P. A. C. 's tactics helped him. 1960S. ln an ad ⅲ the New York 襯幻 them six months before they start attack- He is now preparing a report on how ing Reagan. '' lndeed, the day after the that matches the more intemperate rhet- Democrats can fight back. The defeated election, Weyrich publicly warned Vice oric Of the New Right, the American CiviI McGovern is forming a Common Sense President—elect George Bush that he had Liberties Union warned that the conser- CoaIition tO battle the right-wing forces. vative "agenda is clear and frightening; better take a stronger stand against abor- Says Cranston: “ ' Ⅱ have a bOdy Of in- they mean tO capture the power Of gov- tion and for prayers ⅲ school. Bush re- formation tO pass on tO those whO face ernment and use it tO establish a night- sponded t0 New Right pressures: “ I am not intimidated by those whO suggest I mare Of religious and political orthO- the next assault. D01an acknowledges that it will be doxy. ” Last month, Rabbi Alexander better hew the line. Hell with them. ' tougher t0 topple liberals ⅲ 1982 because Though it is full Of pride and passion Schindler, a New York liberal, called for now, the true test 0f the New Right will most come 仕 om heavily populated states a coalition tO oppose the "chilling power where the orgamzation's funds will not Of the radical right. ” lt is "no coinci- be whether it can, without eompronusmg its pnnciples, accommodate itself tO have as much impact as the conservatives dence, ” he said, that the "rise 0f right- feel they did ⅲ Idah0 and South Dakota. wing Christian fumamentalism has been the U. S. political system, which has a way The N ℃ . P. A ℃ . had no success ⅲ Califor- Of punishing extremists by banishing accompanied by the most serious out- nia this election trying t0 dislodge Cran- break Of anti-Semitism since the outbreak them intO obscurity. —ByEdwinWamer. ston, the Democratic whip ⅲ the Senate. ofWorld War Ⅱ . ” epo け ed by Anne Con 計 0 わ / A 〃 0 0 0 れ d Whatever the immediate effect of the During the campaign , the Rev. Bai- Ⅳ 0 ″“″ / Ⅳ 0 9 ′ on TIME, DECEMBER 8 , 1980 B 一 L L S C 工 0 R R— LO S A N G E L E S 工 E R A L D E X A M 一 N E R

TIME DECEMBER 8 , 1980 V01. 116 No. 23 gan ⅲ his youth, when he first became acquainted with science- A Letter from the PubIisher fiction writers such as H. G. Wells and Mary Shelley. Frie- drich, whO wrote the cover story and an accompanying bOX on orrespondent Christopher Redman's first encounter with a the popular image Of robots through the ages , admits that Shel- ley's Fra 〃ん豆 ei ・〃 has always had a special hold on his imag- robot came late last summer at Ford's Wayne assembly plant just outside Detroit. "The thing looked like a demented ination. Says Friedrich : ' 'lt was one Of my favorite bOOks when turkey, but it wielded a welding gun with I read it ⅲ high sch001. For me, Franken- D A V ー D F RA N K 凵 N deadly effciency and made a tremendous stein 's monster was the ultima te robot. lmpression on me, ” says Redman. ' later Reporter-Researcher Anne Hopkins found that the sparks from the welding gun says that her own image Of robots has ゞ \ had made tremendous impression on my changed dramatically. 、、 I started out with 、 the misconception that they were things clothes as well. ' ' That confrontation helped spark this week's cover story on the robot 、、や with blinking headlight eyes," says Hopkins. revolution. “ I became fascinated with Then she went tO a Westinghouse plant in them, ” says Redman."Notjust with the way BIoomfieId , N. J. , and the C hesebrough- they worked , but with what they can do for Pond ' s lnc. —owned Faichney thermometer industry and society. Robots really are in a factory ⅲ Watertown, N. Y. , tO get a close position tO rewrite the rules Of mass pro- 100k at the real things. ln 、 Matertown, HOP- duction , and that could change all our lives kins watched a shiny , beige Unimate Mark profoundly. Ⅱ robot perform a number Of 。、 unexpected For this week's story Redman inter- and puzzling tasks ” done previously by hu- Redman and 「 obot in Detroit viewed robot entrepreneurs , consultants and mans. "Now I realize that robots are not at engmeers , as well as managers and workers at Detroit autO com- all human-like but are still very impressive, even awesome 111 panies, the nation's ma. 」 or robot users. 、 People kept asking me if their own way," says Hopkins. Concludes Redman: 、、 I am re- I thought that robots would ultimately cause more problems assured by the fact that it will be many years before robots can than they solved, ” he says. "I have no ready answer tO that, but I replace 」 ournalists. ” He did not suggest hOW many. have learned that , despite the wonders they can work , they are incredibly stupid and remarkably inept compared tO humans. Senior Writer OttO Friedrich 's fascination with robots be- lndex THE WEEKLY NEWSMAGAZINE CO e 「 : lllustration by Robert Grossman. 26 8 United States: WorId: ltaly's killer quake, the worst in Thanksgiving be- comes a holiday for 65 years, brings death to the Mezzogiorno, looking back with re- lief and ahead with devastating a mourn- fulland. More fright- hope. 01d friends ening still is the real- help Reagan pick his Cabinet. The New ization that many Right is eager for might have been ー 982. Assessing the saved ifhelp had arrived faster. Las Vegas hOtel fire. 58 41 Religion: The attempt Essay: Who buys $ 750 tO insert nonsexist ミ 4 を gold charge plates and language intO the new "limited editions ” Of Revised Standard crystal yaks? Why , the big spenders, Of Version of the Bible , due a decade from course, whose greatest now, already is stir- value to the multi- tudes is probably en- ring an unholy argu- ment between femi- tertai nmen t as they relentlessly fulfill nists and traditional- fantasies. ists.Amen, amen . 42 Law 43 Environment 44 PeopIe 64 Dance 66 Cinema 50 Co e 「 : They weld cars, mine coal, sort fish. They are the ro- bOts that are changing the way the world works. The upheaval will costjobs, but promises huge gains in productivity. See ECONOMY & BUSINESS. 39 P 「 e55 : NOt surprising- ly, Carter's press sec- retary, Judy PowelI , lays the blame for his boss's troubles at the door ofthe fourth es- tate, and tO the way U. S. society treats its President. Fleet Street . the Queen ln a row over a lady. 25 Science 49 Theater 第 40 新 i 厄 5t0 れ es 60 Books 2 Letters 46 Sport Address changes and subscription inquiries should be mailed tO Subscription Department, TIME Magazine, CPO BOX 88 , T0kyo, 」 apan. TIME Asia is published weekly by Time 旧 c. , 541 N. Fairbanks Court, Chicago, Ⅲ . 60611 , し S. A. Second class postage paid at Chicago, lllinois, and at additional mailing offices. Subscription price in individual countries listed elsewhere. Ad- ditional pages ofregional editions numbered orallowed forasfollows: National SI - S2. VOI. 116 NO. 23.0 1980 Time 旧 c. AII rights reserved. Reproduction in whOIe 0 「 in part without written per- mission is prohibited. TIME and the Red Border Design are protected through trademark registration in the United States and in the foreign countries where TIME magazine circulates. PrincipaI office: Rockefeller Center, New York, New York 10020 7